72 Forestry Quarterly 



General to authorize sheep grazing in certain forests, and to throw- 

 open closed areas for temporary use. "Under exceptional cir- 

 cumstances, the introduction of the goats of right holders into the 

 fire lines of state forests can be authorized." Unquestionably, 

 this regulation is designed to clear inflammable debris from fire 

 lines. 



Those who have wood rights can only remove the timber "after 

 permission has been granted them by the warden or forest officers," 

 otherwise it is considered to have been taken in trespass. Under 

 certain circtimstances, however, forest officers are authorized to 

 provide right holders with timber, either collectively or indi- 

 vidually. 



According to Article 74, the sale of free use material is strictly 



forbidden : 



"Right holders are forbidden to sell the wood or other products granted to 

 them or to employ them in any manner other than that for which the rights 

 have been granted to them, under penalty of a fine of $1 to $10." 



Section VIII. Expropriation — Special provision is made in 



Article 76 for the right of eminent domain on land needed for the 



purposes enumerated below: 



"The expropriation of land which must be reforested or reclaimed, shall be 

 recognized as necessary, and shall be declared a measure of public utility, 

 under the following circumstances: 



1. For the maintenance of lands on mountain slopes; 



2. For protecting the soil against erosion by rivers or torrents; 



3. To insure the existence of springs and water courses; 



4. To render stable the coast dunes and those of the Sahara, and for protec- 

 tion against the erosion of the sea, and drifting of sand; 



5. For the defence of territory in the frontier zone which shall be determined 

 by a regulation of the Civil Authorities; 



6. For the sake of public health. 



"If the declaration of public utility is pronounced, the expropriation shall 

 proceed in conformity with Algerian legislation." 



It is also provided that when access to state forests is across 

 private land, a right of way can be secured by eminent domain. 

 This includes roads or railroads established for facilitating the 

 felling or removal of timber. There is a keen need of a similar 

 law in the United States. 



Part IV. Communal and Public Institution Forests 



The forests belonging to communes and public institutions in 



Algeria are under the control of federal forest officers and 



"Communes and public institutions cannot undertake any clearing in their 

 woods without special and express authorization by the Governor-General; 



