Periodical Literature 143 



about one-one-hundredth of an inch thick. The machines can 

 be adjusted, however, to cut one-sixty-fourth to one-half inch wide 

 and from five-one-hundredths to one-fiftieth inch thick. Higher 

 production per day of the coarse material is offset by the higher 

 price commanded by the finer grades. A cord of wood produces 

 approximately one ton of excelsior. The upright double head 

 machines require five horsepower each and have a capacity of about 

 one ton per day. The horizontal, eight block machine has a 

 capacity of about five tons per day. 



Excelsior sells at about $20 per ton and wood wool at about $30 

 per ton. The cost of production varies from $3 to $5 per ton. 



O. L. S. 

 Canada Lumberman and Woodworker, October, 1913. 



Forstmeister Schinzinger reports the re- 

 Sawdust^ suits of investigations of the Prussian 



as Academy of Sciences looking toward the use 



Means of forest products for himian nutriment. 



of Ordinary sawdust positively can not be 



Food digested at all by either man or animals. 



The reserve food supply of our trees consists 

 chiefly of starch, sugar, oils and, to a slight extent, of albumens. 

 These foods are stored only in the living sap wood. Woods with 

 noticeably large percent of sapwood are maple, birch, elm, bass- 

 wood and poplar. These are the species most worth considering 

 as soiirces of human and animal food. 



The food content is greatest in October. Experiments showed 

 per 100 units of dry wood substance 20 to 25 imits of starch and 

 sugar, 10 of oils, 2 of albumen; the rest is wood fiber. 



To make the foods available, the woods must be pulverized, or 

 else the food stuffs separated out chemically. 



The foliage of broadleaf trees is of proven value as fodder for 

 animals. This reaches its maximum value in August and then 

 decreases rapidly. Since photosynthesis takes place during the 

 day, the foliage should be cut at night. Twigs up to 3^ centimeter 

 in diameter can be digested by cattle. 



For winter feeding, the small twigs are best because of difficulties 

 in storing the leaf-hay. For this purpose, the one- to three-year- 



» See also F. Q., Vol. XIII, p. 568. 



