Forest Service Revenue and Organization 213 



least four men, specializing in Silviculture, Grazing, Lands and 

 Engineering. A second-class unit is one which, on account of 

 geography, topography, communication, or population factors, 

 does not produce enough of each of the four broad activities to 

 warrant the full specialized staff." 



Naturally, the volume of business as well as its character may 

 vary from time to time and, consequently, will impose modifica- 

 tions in the staff organization. The plan as outlined is simply to 

 carry a modified form of district organization to very important 

 forest units which are to be formed with the special object of giv- 

 ing a large enough area under one man to justify a rather expen- 

 sive staff. 



This staff naturally divides itself into three divisions: (1) ad- 

 ministrative; (2) executive; (3) clerical. 



The administrative includes a supervisor and deputy forest 

 supervisor who alternate in office. The executive includes the 

 specialists whose duty it will be to perform much of the special 

 field work now undertaken by rangers. 



The clerical division will include a chief clerk, and suitable as- 

 sistants to take care of the clerical routine of accounts, property, 

 letter-writing, filing, etc. 



With such an organization, it is obvious, as Mr. Ringland points 

 out, that a change must occur in the duties and organization of the 

 ranger force. 



"Major executive work involving unusual mental effort is 

 taken away from the ranger. To him is left minor executive 

 duties — very small sales, free use, and the like." 



He will put more time on fire protection, and in bossing per- 

 diem guards "engaged in physical effort." This is, in theory; in 

 actual practice, it is not always true. 



The ranger force will be reduced, provided the ranger can be 

 given a district. 



"Topographically possible to cover adequately. While it is with 

 hesitation that a definite area is suggested, yet 333,000 acres may 

 be assumed as the standard." 



The rangers will oversee forest guards and the work of forest 

 protection, and perform minor executive duties more economically 

 handled by them than by the staff executive. Most significant of 

 all, they will be expected "to assist the staff executives in the 

 performance of their major activities." Rangers of unusual ability 



