308 Forestry Quarterly 



thinning experiments on 211 plots ; experiments with exotics on 

 65 areas; cultivation of heath soils on 62 areas; seed investiga- 

 tions on 550 areas ; natural regeneration studies on 34 ; plantings 

 of different spacing on 42; sowings at different dates on 18; 

 cultivation of drained peat soils on 25 ; and methods of culture 

 on 12 ; altogether 1061 experimental areas are involved in these 

 investigations. 



The natural history section concerned itself with studying 

 the influence of thinnings on soil flora ; the factors influencing 

 natural regeneration ; the influence of light burning and clear 

 cutting on the soil ; the change to swampy conditions in various 

 localities; the muskeg, peat soil and heather problems, and soil 

 studies generally; the influences of races of forest trees; dis- 

 eases ; biology of seed germination ; etc. 



For the following period, 1915-17, entomological studies are to 

 be added, an article on enemies of pine and spruce, by Ivar 

 Trag^rdh, being briefed in English. Special accentuation is 

 placed on the program as regards regeneration methods for the 

 northern forest areas (Norrland), where both government and 

 private owners desire more extensive utilization, but are also 

 willing to spend more for regeneration. 



The question whether the old trees of the virgin forest furnish 

 satisfactory seed is the first to be attacked ; also the value of 

 influence of draining; the relative efficiency of various soil work; 

 different planting methods ; the seed from other localities ; these 

 are problems proposed to be solved during a period of 15 years 

 at a cost estimated at $65,000 distributed over that period. 



B. E. F. 



By-products of the Lumber Industry. By H. K. Benson. 

 Special Agents Series 110, U. S. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic 

 Commerce. Department of Commerce. Washington, D. C. 

 1916. Pp. 68. 



This report comprises a brief survey of utilization of forest 

 by-products in the United States preliminary to a more extensive 

 investigation. The meaning of the term "by-product" is restricted 

 to "such products as require the use of technical and more or 

 less highly developed manufacturing processes for their produc- 



