332 Forestry Quarterly 



keeping the mixture. Only for this purpose is the group method 

 appHcable. Species in need of light require larger openings than 

 the tolerant, larger than the height of the timber. For such 

 species (oak and pine) the enlargement of the group makes, how- 

 ever, conditions less and less favorable, and it is safer to resort 

 to underplanting. But for tolerant mixtures, as, e. g., fir, spruce 

 and beech, the group method is to be recommended and is favored 

 in Switzerland. 



A further discussion of the location of fellings brings out 

 additional considerations, all of which show the impossibility 

 in the mountains to stick to rules. "Neither a uniform nor an 

 irregular position in the regeneration fellings, neither the Saxon 

 felling series, nor Wagner's strip selection can serve as rule." 



The totality of the factors of production and the aim of the 

 management, not a circumscribed principle or method, must 

 direct judgment in the location of fellings. Age, completeness 

 of stocking and healthy condition, as well as topography, influ- 

 ences regeneration and location and progress of felling areas. 

 The most important requirement for success in regeneration 

 consists in correctly recognizing and appreciating the given con- 

 ditions in their single factors which are active in securing regen- 

 eration, and in their total combined effect. 



Die wichtigsten Verhdltnisse und Maasnahmen in der Schweiz, etc. Tharand- 

 ter Jahrbuch, 1915, pp. 432-49. 



Busse has made germinating tests of 



Douglas Douglas fir, grown in Germany, which show 



Fir a remarkably low germination per cent. The 



Seed trees were only 25 to 30 years old; cones 



were easily opened by room temperature 



at 25° C in 12 hours; cleaning of wings, however, was found 



difficult on account of exuded resin ; the yield was .36 kg. per 1 hi. 



A knife test gave only 9 per cent germination ; three regular 



tests averaged 7 per cent, while in the trade 70 to 75 per cent 



is guaranteed. The reason for this low per cent is sought either 



in the age of the tree or in the climate. 



Another test from another locality and from 30-year-old trees 



