534 Forestry Quarterly 



The great difference as compared with spruce is apparent. In 

 pine the value of I class stems exceeds that of V class by 157 per 

 cent, in spruce only 66 per cent. At 100 years, when value incre- 

 ment in spruce has ceased, the pine shows considerable increment, 

 absolute and percentically. 



Similar results have been secured from Baden and Hesse data, 

 where under favorable growth conditions the value differences of 

 different sizes is even greater. Here the price for I class, pine 

 logs is 125 per cent greater than for I class spruce, and in Anhalt the 

 difference is even near 240 per cent. Yet the relation of values 

 for spruce and pine wood depends greatly on site conditions. In 

 the average for the whole State of Prussia the superiority of the 

 pine over the spruce is also illustrated, the price of II class logs for 

 pine being 14 cents as against 12 for spruce; but in the western 

 provinces where good spruce sites prevail the reverse relation is 

 found, namely 17 cents for spruce as against 15.5 cents for pine. 



Taking these value increment conditions together with the 

 volume increments of the yield tables, there is no doubt, that on 

 mountain soils with satisfactory himiidity the spruce produces 

 best and should be grown in pure stands. Only where considera- 

 tions of soil conditions and safety exist is the admixture of other 

 species indicated, but the pine has for these purposes no value, 

 hence it is properly cut out. On pronounced pine soils, however, 

 pine must be predominant and spruce added only as soil cover. 

 Where both species find equally good growth conditions, especially 

 in rolling country where soil conditions vary, a mixture is indicated 

 and then besides local soil differences the question of value incre- 

 ment should influence the character of the mixture. Uneven-aged 

 form of stands is here indicated. The pine produces best with 

 120 years, while spruce is mature at 60 to 80 years, hence pine 

 should be planted ahead of spruce or the latter should be utilized 

 earlier. The consideration re-estabUshes the value of the formerly 

 much used, lately abandoned over holder management. Also 

 underplanting with spruce, which invigorates pine stands remark- 

 ably and leads to best forms of pine, is recommended. 



The rest of the article criticizes the method proposed in Prussia 

 of arriving at value increment data. 



Der Nachweis der Erzeugung von Werlen. Tharandter forstliches Jahrbuch, 

 1913, pp. 126-324. 



