Periodical Literature 753 



namely to enable the estimate and division of the volume of a 

 stand into its main assortments, saw logs, building material, poles, 

 fuelwood, as a basis for value calculations, and second, for single 

 stems or groups of stems, to determine the available assortments 

 in volume and length of stem in the annual yield. 



For entire stands so far only one assortment table of limited 

 character exists (Dr. Wimmer's on the beech; see F.Q., xiii, 555), 

 and a few dealing with single stems ; these are based not on general, 

 but specific, local grades. For workwood, length and diameter 

 (or, in France, circumference) either at top, or at middle, and for 

 sawlogs in South Germany and Austria, or the contents of the 

 piece, as in North Germany, furnish the basis for classification; 

 the greatest variety of assortments is found in Switzerland. 



To meet the widest number of requirements the author bases his 

 assortments on top diameters (with bark) of 42 (17 inch), 32, 24, 

 18, 15, 12 and 7 cm (3-inch). The tables consider only timber- 

 wood (over 7 cm) and do not attempt grading of fuelwood or 

 brushwood. The author at the outset accentuates that such 

 tables are only aids to estimate the assortments in actual stands, 

 giving maximum average values, which in actuality in single 

 individuals are often not attained, due to crookedness, unsound- 

 ness, etc. 



The basis of the tables is furnished by the sectioning in 2-meter 

 lengths of trees selected after the Urich method in pure, more or 

 less even-aged stands in medium density, also some selection forest 

 material. Some 3125 spruce, 1307 fir, and 2284 beech were in- 

 volved, in 5 to 7 height classes differing by 5w, and in 2-cm dia- 

 meter classes. The contents of each piece was expressed in per 

 cent of the total tree volume (timberwood), and it was soon found 

 that while, of course, the absolute contents of the same diameter 

 class showed great variation with varying height, they always 

 showed the same percentic relation to the timberwood volume, which 

 discovery facilitates greatly the construction and use of the tables. 

 E.g., in a group of spruce trees of 40 cm (16 inch) d.b.h. the piece 

 with top diameter of 24 cm for all heights of trees represents 82 

 per cent of the total volume, and so for the top diameters : 

 32, 24, 18, 15, 12 cm. 

 47, 82, 94, 96.8 98.4 per cent. 

 By miiltiplying these percents with the timberwood volume, the 

 absolute voltune of the assortment is found. 



