126 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 4 



nursery. You see we are not limited for time. You speak of some 

 of the tlifficulties you have — does this not come from the fact that you 

 make the nurserymen pay for their inspection? 



President Washburn: They pay very httle, — from $1.50 to $6. 

 Average about $4.50. 



Mr. Atwood : I think if we insisted upon the nurserymen in New 

 York paying for their inspection, they would not send for the inspector 

 so often. They are afraid of the laws of other states, and do not want 

 to ship stock and have it rejected by other states. They want to 

 hold their trade from year to year, and they not only ask inspection 

 of nurseries, but they ask special examination. They want the stuff 

 to go through without any question of its being right. This leads to 

 special fumigation. I think that entire nursery blocks in the state of 

 New York practically have every tree inspected. Where there is no 

 infestation the first examination would call for every third row, or 

 skipping two rows and taking two rows, but it is in large blocks where 

 the trouble comes. I think they will have to go deeper into it, and 

 look out for the old plum trees and old hedgerows. Where do we 

 get the infestation? It comes up almost out of the ground. You 

 cannot tell where it comes from — you simply know it is there. In 

 one instance we had a little block of 10,000 pear trees two years old 

 destroyed because of the presence of scale. We had examined this 

 block a great many times, and never saw any infestation, but I was 

 going out one day and saw a scale. We spent a great deal of time the 

 rest of that summer and found another scale or two. All of us were 

 in there many, many hours at different times, and no scales developed 

 there that summer, but the next year I suppose 200 trees were destroyed 

 in that bunch. It is quite often necessary with peach stock, to get 

 down on hands and knees and search until the trouble is found. As 

 I remarked this morning, it was not the intention to give any nursery- 

 man a certificate as long as there was any live scale on his stock. Since 

 the discovery of the usefulness of lime-sulphur for the control of San 

 Jose scale in orchards, very few orchards have been condemned. I 

 think the time is coming when nurserymen will demand that their 

 stock be treated for scale. 



President Washburn: The next paper on the program is on the 

 bulb mite. It will be read by Mr. Engle. 



