196 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol 4 



manufactured at Salem, Ohio; the "Friend," manufactured at Gasport^ 

 N. Y., the "Gould," at Seneca Falls, N. Y., the "Bean," at Cleveland, 

 Ohio, and the "Hardie," at Hudson, Mich. The last has the pump 

 mounted in the side of the barrel instead of the top, and this feature 

 makes it particularly adaptable for spraying on rough steep hillsides. 

 By building a frame work to the front trucks of a wagon and attaching 

 the barrel thereto, the pump may be operated by the driver from the 

 ground. The frame work being a continuation of the shafts, gives the 

 barrel an angle which brings the pump handle to a position from which 

 it can easily be worked by the driver. This pump when so arranged 

 is especially valuable for use on land not really accessible to a 

 wagon. 



Any of the pumps above named are good, reliable makes, and with 

 proper care will last indefinitely. They are sufficiently powerful to 

 generate and consistently maintain pressure for the two leads of hose 

 carrying a total of four nozzles. 



Horizontal Pumps 



This type of pump is designed for spraying on an extensive scale. 

 It is larger and more powerful than the barrel pumps and is capable 

 of supplying four leads of hose. The air chamber is of greater capacity 

 and, therefore, capable of storing more air pressure than the smaller 

 types. The plungers are usually differential and thus an equal pressure 

 is exerted on both strokes, making the pumps double acting. With 

 these, as with the barrel pumps, the principle of construction is practi- 

 cally the same. There are many differences of detail, and it is in the 

 details that each manufacturer claims superiority over his competitor. 



Horizontal pumps are intended for attaching to wagon tanks of from 

 100 to 200 gallons' capacity. They may also be bolted to a heavy lead 

 and operated in connection with an ordinary fifty-gallon barrel. 

 Primarily, however, they are designed for tanks and for heavy work 

 on a large scale. 



This style of pump may be, and usually is, operated by hand, but 

 it is usually fitted up with a pitman or similar device for connecting 

 to a gas engine. The Bean Pump Company are manufacturers of a 

 pump of this kind that includes a heavy coil spring for equaHzing the 

 efforts necessary to operate the pump handle. On one stroke energy 

 is stored into the spring by the pull against its resistance and the 

 resultant compression, and in the return stroke the stored energy 

 contained in the compressed spring is released and the expansion helps- 

 the operator in forcing the liquid into the air chamber against full 

 gauge pressure. 



