April, '11] WORSHAM: SPRAYING APPARATUS 197 



The working parts of horizontal pumps are not immersed in the 

 spray material as is the case with most pumps of smaller size. The air 

 chamber is connected to the material supply by a piece of heavy rubber 

 piping, and is filled by suction. Repairs are more easily effected than 

 with barrel pumps which have to be removed from the barrels, some- 

 times when the latter are full of spray material, before the seat of the 

 trouble can be reached. 



The cost of the horizontal pump ranges from $25 to $50. Nearly 

 all the pump manufacturers have their cheaper and their l^etter grades 

 with an accompanying price hst to match. 



Power Pumps 



Powder pumps are of two kinds, (1) gasoline and (2) compressed air or 

 compressed gas. With these machines it is possible to maintain the 

 air pressure at a higher and more constant figure than with hand motive 

 power. The maximum degree of success in spraying against scale 

 insects is obtained only when the spray is driven onto them in a finely 

 divided state and with force. The greater the force the greater the 

 efficiency of the w^ork, all other conditions being equal. Power outfits 

 meet this essential requirement better than those operated by hand, 

 for the reason that they can maintain a higher pressure and hold 

 it practically constant. For general efficiency and labor saving they 

 are superior to other types, especially in large commercial orchards, 

 parks, etc. 



Gasoline Power Pumps 



All the leading power pump manufacturers turn out regular power 

 pump outfits and they are giving general satisfaction wherever used. 

 The original purchase price is, of course, much higher than for hand 

 pumps, but thereafter they may be operated at a smaller cost and the 

 additional cost in the beginning represents economy in the end. 



Power pumps can certainly maintain high pressure for four leads 

 of hose and have a capacity of 200 gallons per hour. Their greater 

 weight makes them ineligible for use on land of a rough or hilly nature, 

 but on flat land they are the most efficient and most rapid sprayers 

 on the market, and their value as time and money savers is being more 

 generally understood and appreciated than ever before. They are 

 cheaper, too, than at any time in the past. A spraying outfit with gas 

 engine, pump, lead, hose, etc., may be bought for sums varying from 

 $135 to $300. The gasofine engines may be used for other farm pur- 

 poses as well. 



One feature of the gasoline power outfits, wherein they outclass 

 any other type of pump, is the matter of the agitator. By attaching 



