Juno, '11] pemberton: christmas-berry tingis 343 



the njonph, gains a strong foothold on most of the bushes and almost 

 smothers them. 



Remedies. The only remedy that can be given from actual obser- 

 vation here is that of intensive cultivation and cleaning up of rub- 

 bish about the bases of the trees during the period of hibernation, 

 from December to March, of the adult. Trees about the university 

 which have received little or no cultivation for the past two years 

 were usually much more vigorously attacked by the tingis than those 

 receiving regular winter cultivation. Where spraying has been 

 attempted, success has resulted from the spraying of kerosene emulsion 

 freely on the foliage, using an under spray nozzle. 



This paper was prepared in the Entomological Laboratory of 

 Stanford University. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES 12-14 



Fig. 1. Egg on surface of leaf. 



2. Same with portion of covering removed. 



3. Same removed from leaf showing secondary covering (a). 



4. First stage of nymph. 



5. Second stage of nymph. 



6. Third stage of nymph. 



7. Fourth stage of nymph. 



8. Fifth stage of nymph. 



9. Adult. 



10. Labrum of adult. 



11. Mandible of adult. 



12. Maxilla of adult. 



13. Labium of adult. 



14. Ventral aspect of last two abdominal segments of male, (a) clasper. 



15. Ventral aspect of last three abdominal segments of female, (b) ovipositor. 



16. Ovipositor removed — lateral view. 



17. Cutting blade of ovipositor removed — lateral view, (c) cutting edge. 



18. Wing of adult. 



