426 JOURNAL Oi- ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 4 



interest. Though there are as yet some details lacking to a complete 

 knowledge of the life history of this insect, we know its history in 

 general. We submit this knowledge in the hope that we may soon 

 be able to supply the remainder. 



Hunterellus hookeri was first collected by the writer in the nymphs of 

 Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille { = texanus Banks) on April 20, 

 1908 at Corpus Christi, Texas. Doctor L. O. Howard described the 

 species in the Canadian Entomologist for July 1908 p. 239-241. Search 

 made in 1909 by C. W. Howard in Portuguese East Africa resulted 

 in his finding this same species attacking Rhipicephalus sanguineus 

 nymphs at Lourenco Marques. On June 18, 1910, two nymphs of 

 Dermacentor parumapertus marginatus were received at the Dallas 

 laboratory which were taken on a jackrabbit (or a dog?) by Mr. 

 McLure Lewis, a correspondent at Green Valley, California. When 

 the nymphs were received at Dallas, one of them was found to be 

 parasitized. The nymphs were placed on sand and on July 1st, 

 thirteen parasites emerged from one of them. The other nymph 

 molted to a male Dermacentor parumapertus marginatus. The nymph 

 from which the parasites emerged was determined by Mr. N. Banks 

 &s the same species. The parasites were determined by Doctor 

 Howard as Hunterellus hookeri. 



Two hosts are known, Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Dermacentor 

 parumapertus marginatus. A brief outline of the life history of these 

 ticks is essential to an understanding of the life history of the parasite. 



The two species may be grouped together for the purpose, as their 

 life histories are nearly the same. The eggs, which are deposited on 

 the ground, hatch and the larvae come forth ready for a host. Upon 

 finding a host the young ticks feed until replete mth blood. They 

 then drop to the ground, seek a crack or crevice for protection and 

 there undergo the transformation to the nymphal stage. The nymph 

 engorges to repletion, after which it drops to the ground to molt. 

 While the nymph is engorging or after it has become engorged, para- 

 sitism takes place. Both male and female adults, like the other two 

 stages, wait on grass for the appearance of a host. A host found, the 

 adult ticks feed and mate. 



It was first supposed that the insect was confined to a limited 

 territory, but late collections indicate a wide range. To date, the 

 species has been taken at Corpus Christi and Brownsville, Texas, also 

 Green Valley, California in the United States, and from Monterey, 

 Mexico^ and from Lourenco Marques, Portuguese East Africa. 



2 November 25, 1909, Mr. F. C. Bishopp and Mr. E. A. Schwarz collected 

 nymphs of R. sanguineus from dogs. Some of these were parasitized, but the par- 

 asites never matured and the determination is based on immature specimens. 



