Periodical Literature. 73 



to 700 cubic foot per acre rarely up to 900. While in Germany 

 the management of composite forest (of which there is little) is 

 considered specially difficult, being most intensive, in France it 

 is quite simple, due probably to the lighter overwood stand, and 

 to the better climate which preserves stock in better sprouting 

 capacity. Oak is the principle species involved. Old oaks are 

 often grubbed out and such grubholes must be planted by the pur- 

 chaser, or else he must pay for planting these, as well as of the 

 spots which he has used for preparing his wood. He must also 

 trim the overholders up to 18 feet in height. And all this is not 

 on paper but actually and minutely and skilfully done. Thin- 

 nings are not made. 



The yield of the composite forest is much more readily found 

 out than that of the timber forest. It remains also very steady, 

 in the case cited 52 cubic feet per acre and year, while the neigh- 

 boring timber forest produced only 47 cubic feet. 



According to the statistics of the Department of Agriculture 

 for 1876 it was claimed that in the timber forest of the State the 

 yield was only 42, of the corporations 24 cubic feet, while for the 

 composite forest it was stated as 60 and 57 respectively. That 

 this is not a difference due to system, which would make the 

 composite forest yield so much larger, but due to other causes has 

 been shown, especially by Tassy who figured out 85 cubic feet 

 for timber forest as a moderate performance as against 60 for 

 composite forest. 



In price for the wood, the cubic foot of the composite forest 

 with a little over 7 cents brings about half what the wood of the 

 timber forest brings. The net acre yield in the Conservation of 

 Tours brought for composite forest $3.35, for stands in con- 

 version $^.60, for timber forest $5.15 per acre. Of the 460 

 million cubic feet which the French composite forest furnishes 

 annually only 80 million are workwood, surely a poor economic 

 result for the area involved. While it must be admitted that for 

 privat ownership this system has its advantages, it is not proper 

 for the State to carry it on. This has been recognized, and con- 

 versions to timber forests are under way. 



MittfiluH%en iiber forstliche Verhaltnisse in Frankreich. Forstwissen- 

 schaftliches Centralblatt, 1908, pp. 468-485, 530-547, 655-665. 



