202 Forestry Quarterly. 



In the open stands the moss cover is more favorable than in the 

 denser stands, and even on the moss free plats of the denser 

 stands. This is explained by the possibility of the shallow roots 

 of young plants in the moss cover to secure some moisture from 

 the moss, especially in drouthy years. 



The author concludes that ( i ) moss cover under otherwise 

 equal conditions is not favorable to germination. (2) In drouthy 

 conditions the moss cover has a favorable effect as long as the 

 roots of the plants can still participate in the moisture absorbed 

 by the moss. (3) Since this beneficial effect can be only a pass- 

 ing one, it cannot be of moment, especially as the moss free area 

 will support a sufficient number of plants. 



Moosdecke und natiirliche Verjungwng. Centralblatt. f. d. g. Forst- 

 wesen, January, 1909, pp. 22-27. 



A controversial article by Dittmar is di- 

 Density rected against the propositions of Fromb- 



of ling (see Quarterly, Vol. IV, p. 48) to re- 



S pacing turn to the use of larger quantities of seed 



of and more plants in plantations, such as used 



Plantations. to be employed in former times. Dittmar 



points out that the use of 15 to 20 lbs. of 

 pine and spruce seed sixty years ago as against 3^ and even 2 lbs. 

 per acre now is to be explained by the low germination per cent., 

 which, due to poor methods of gathering and keeping seed, pre- 

 vailed in olden times, namely not more than 60 per cent, as against 

 now mostly 90 per cent. Haack has shown that 100 grains of 

 90 per cent, seed is equivalent in practical results to 317 grains of 

 60 per cent, seed, accordingly the 3^ lbs. of to-day are equivalent 

 to the 15 lbs. of 60 years ago. 



Of interest are a few samples of results of dense and open 

 position. 



In a good natural regeneration of Scotch Pine (to be compared 

 with our Shortleaf, or Norway Pine) some 16 sample areas showed 

 10,400 plants, 7 and 14 years old. In a number of sowings and 

 plantings of about the same age, a considerably larger average of 

 plants was found. In a 15 year sowing of pine with 5^ lbs. in 

 rows 4 feet apart 10,320 were found, in an eight year sowing with 

 2f tb., 3 feet apart, 67,900, while plantations made 3 x if, 4 x |, 

 4 x 1^, varied from 9,100 to 21,200, or in the average of five 



