Periodical Literature. 319 



The sale by assortments is usually applied in selling the result of 

 thinnings, where an estimate of totals is impracticable. The classi- 

 fication is simple and uniformity in three classes ; workwood (bois 

 d' oeuvre) of at least 32 inch circumference, in two or three sub- 

 classes ; fuel wood (bois de feu), less than 32 inch circumference, 

 several classes ; bois de corde, split cordwood, and fagot, round 

 billets; lastly brushwood (bourrees) below 10 inch circumference, 

 which is gathered into fagots of about 3 feet circumference in 

 lengths of 4 to 6 feet. 



Sometimes the log timber, bois de service is by a kerf marked 

 off from the part of the stem that is to be allotted to bois de feu, 

 this latter being reduced by 1.8 to steres, cubic meter space. 



In the sale sur pied the bid is made for the total cut, in the bid 

 a V unite it is made by assortments. At the auction the bidding is 

 downward (au rabais) ; a bid proposed by the auctioneer (crieur) 

 equal to double the estimated value, going down by a certain per- 

 cent, until somebody calls: je prends, "I take it." 



The conditions imposed upon the buyer are also characteristic, 

 and are recited in great detail on the sale protocol. 



In timber forest, trees are as a rule to be dug out (exploites par 

 extraction des souches), taking care not to injure roots of the re- 

 served trees. The holes must be filled up again. In the coppice 

 the character of the cut is carefully prescribed and the presence of 

 a grindstone required. In regeneration fellings, beech advance 

 growth must be removed, also soil cover which impedes regenera- 

 tion. Spots used by the buyer for working up wood, charcoal pits, 

 etc., must be planted, broken branches of standing trees trimmed 

 and tarred ; in thinning, trees to be felled may have to be first 

 trimmed. The selection of wood choppers is also supervised. 

 Winter felling is the rule, but for coniferous woods spring felling 

 "in the sap" is recommended, which is said not only to make the 

 wood lighter and barking to avoid insect trouble easier, but also to 

 preserve better appearance. 



All smaller dimensions and fuel wood must as soon as possible 

 be moved to roads and to the edges of the felling area. Larger 

 logs may be trimmed and hewn in place, but are then to be moved 

 to landing places, and in regeneration cuttings the chips and debris 

 are to be removed. All damages are paid for according to a pre- 

 determined scale. 



The furnishing of fuelwood to the forest officers, and assistance 



