466 Forestry Quarterly. 



The transplanting of deciduous trees and pines is done with 

 yearlings, except P. Strobus. The latter, as well as spruce, fir, 

 larch, are transplanted in the second year. Only first class seed- 

 lings are transplanted. 



Altogether the whole procedure is primitive and the great suc- 

 cess lies in the skill of the well-trained labor. 



To protect the beds against night frost, especially of exotics 

 they are covered with bamboo mats, supported on laths, sixteen 

 inches above ground. These are also used in drouthy periods 

 during summer, after watering to prevent rapid drying. Birds 

 are shot. June bugs are fought by chickens. 



Plant diseases occur rarely. Only a few years ago the White 

 Pine rust had made its appearance. To-day this is an unknown 

 thing in Halstenbek. The infested plantings were burnt, and the 

 White Pine is being transplanted in double spaces, too close stands 

 hazdng been the main cause of the spread of the disease. 



Even the "Schiitte," so common, is in pine seedlings unknown 

 and hardly noticeable in two-year-olds. 



Weeding in the broad-casted beds is done, of course, by hand; 

 in the transplant beds with the Planet, Jr., or another simpler tool 

 of local construction, which consists of a stirrup-like contrivance 

 on a handle the base being an obliquely set knife, which, pushing 

 forward, cuts the weeds, and pulling backward, lays them over 

 and frees them from soil. They are left on the ground to wither, 

 except in humid weather. 



In shipping, the principle is strictly adhered to of never allow- 

 ing plants to lie in the cellar more than one day before packing. 

 Broad-leaf transplants are dug in the fall and heeled in, conifers 

 in the spring directly for shipping. 



The lifting of plants is done by a special plow with a horizontal 

 share at proper distance from the surface which lifts the plants 

 about two inches, when they can be gathered without any injury 

 to roots, being at the same time sorted and counted. 



In packing, the waterworks are constantly in use, and the pack- 

 ages after being made ready for shipping, are once more sprayed. 

 Conifers are shipped in baskets, the roots in moss. When the 

 season is advanced dry heather is packed in with the moss to pre- 

 vent heating. 



The author concludes by pointing out that such nurseries can 

 produce cheaper and better material than the small home nurseries. 



Die Baumschulen von H. H. Pein in Halstenbek. Forstwissenschaftliches 

 Centralblatt. July, 1909. Pp. 353-364- 



