Periodical Literature. 469 



with Abies rather than Pinus, standing in silvicultural characteris- 

 tic between Picea and Abies. Its great recuperative power, due 

 to elasticity and rapid rate of growth in the natural regeneration 

 is praised ; also its ease of artificial reproduction. Two to three- 

 year-old seedlings are planted on soil free of weeds ; three to five- 

 year-old transplants are used in wet or peaty soil and repair plant- 

 ing. Its largest and best production occurs in dense stands, hence 

 the spacing should not be too wide. The speaker claims that the 

 species clears its bole best in pure stand, but also in mixture with 

 others if not outgrowing them too fast. If mixed with a too 

 large preponderance of spruce and fir the cleaning process is the 

 slowest, and then dry pruning has to be resorted to. Contrary to 

 our experience, according to the speaker it does not bear green 

 pruning. While not very fastidious, it does not thrive in dried out 

 sunny sites, but shows still good growth on wet, peaty soil with 

 raw humus. For improving soils it is excellent, crowding out 

 weeds and forming a mild humus. The smooth straight shaft is 

 praised for increasing in full-woodedness with age. The work- 

 wood per cent, is placed at eighty-three. 



The 116 year old White Pines show 85% of heartwood as 

 against 45% in Scotch Pine. Altogether the White Pine accom- 

 plishes in 100 years what the Scotch Pine in the district under 

 discussion does in 160 years. At 104 years of age the stand 

 showed 1,360 cubic feet timberwood as against 1,324 for spruce on 

 site I, and 910 for Scotch Pine. 



Prices paid are now much better than for native pine, 70% in 

 the better grades, and still 10% in the lowest. Its resistance to 

 diseases and dangers is praised and also its wind firmness. 



Allgemeine Forst- u. Jagdzeitung. August, 1909. Pp. 290-291. 



In a note by Zederbauer, observations at 



Frost various places in Austria are recorded 



Hardiness which substantiate that generally the blue 



of variety of Douglas Fir (the one from the 



Pseudotsuga. dry regions of the Rocky Mountains, etc., — 



Rev.) is more frost resistant than the green 



variety. Under cover, and in the open after about twelve feet in 



height is attained the green variety does not suffer, while in the 



open all those under twelve feet did. 



Centralblatt f. d. g. Forstwesen. August-September, 1909. Pp. 387-388. 

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