47 2 Forestry Quarterly. 



4.5 cents per cubic foot. On the other hand supervision is easy and 

 relatively inexpensive. The total cost of management is just a 

 little more than that of the Prussian State forests, yet the total 

 net result is 8 times as great. 



Bine forstliche Winterreise in die schwabische Hochebene. Allgemeine 

 .borst- u. Jagdzeitung. September, 1909. Pp. 302-3. 



In spite of the relative significance of fire 

 Forest losses in Germany, the desire to insure 



Fire against these small losses is still active, in 



Insurance. addition to the effort of preventing or re- 



ducing them by severe laws, effective self- 

 help of owners, increased care of visitors, etc. The few insur- 

 ance companies (see Vol. VI, p. 434) who are in this business 

 insure at high rates, sometimes as high as 10 to 14 cents per acre 

 per year. 



To overcome the difficulty Keiper proposes that the government 

 take hold of the insurance, and to make it obligatory. He pro- 

 poses the method of doing it in Bavaria. 



We are interested only in the technical side. Species, kind of 

 management, age and location form the basis for making danger 

 classes. Deciduous forest over 60 years old, belongs to the lowest 

 danger class, then follow the younger deciduous stands with cop- 

 pice and standard coppice. Coniferous forest, the most endang- 

 ered is graded by three age classes following the two deciduous 

 danger classes ; those over 60 year form the third, those from 30 

 to 60 years the fourth, and the young growths the fifth or highest 

 danger class ; mixed forest to be ranged according to prominence 

 of species. Specially endangered locations near cities, roads, 

 railroads, factories, etc., increase the rate. 



The larger the number of insured properties the smaller may 

 be the rate. 



The following example is based on the whole Bavarian forest 

 area of all properties over 12.5 acres in extent, which comprise 

 altogether 3,750,000 acres. Making the average rate 4 cents per 

 acre, this would furnish $150,000 insurance premium, of which 

 the State itself would have to pay $90,000. The author thinks this 

 would suffice, and indeed, soon according to the interest created 

 and the resulting decrease of fires, the rate may be decreased, 



