194 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTORE AND COTTAGE GARDENEB. 



[ AugHst 27. 1874. 



eoft soap and flowera of BiUphur have been dissolved, in the proportion of 

 2 ozs. of soft soap and 4 ozs. of the sulphnr to a ji^alion of water. Take a 

 portion of the mixture and add flowers of snlphm- to it until it is of the con- 

 sistency of thin paint, and with this paint the hot-water pipes or flue. The 

 lieating apparatus should then be made so hot that the hand may ba held on 

 it, but so that it feela rather uuct^mfortable. Had you done tliis when you 

 dusted the Vines with the sulphur the mildew would have been destroyed. 

 Ventilate freely, but judiciously; draughts check the Vine and prediBpoee it 

 to disease. In winter remove all the loose bark from the old wood after the 

 Vines are pruned, and paint with a mixture of sulphur, soft soap, and a little 

 tobacco water; we also add a little soot to it. 



Grapes Diseased {3/7's. C. H. J.). — Wo never before saw Grapes so com- 

 pletely destroyed by mildew. Repeated dustinjjs with flowers of sulphur, 

 and when all the leaves are off the Vines paintiuc; the whole of the stems 

 and branches and the entire house with lime water in which flowera of sul- 

 phur are mixed to a creamy consistency, will be needed to subdue the parasite. 

 Next year dust with sulphur immediately if it reappears. 



Artemisia jddaica— EDorN'o Plants {J. Kelhi^.—Artem'mia. judaica is a 

 Bilvery-foliaged plant about 1 foot to 15 inches high, of graceful habit and 

 compact f,'rowth. It is a hardy shrub, but requh-es a well- drained sandy soil. 

 Achyrocline Sauudersoni is a silvery edging plant, attaining a hei^'ht of 6 to 

 8 inches. Veronica incana is a grey or silvery edging plant, forming a thick 

 edging about 4 inches high. For edgings it is the best of those you name. 



Cape Bdlbs {J. Y. H.). — Crinum algoense and C. aquaticum should have 

 liberal treatment during f^owth. Give abundant waterings and Bprinklings 

 overhead morning and evening, afford a light and any position, and keep 

 rather dry in winter. C. aquaticum should have the pots set in saucers of 

 water during summer. They require a warm part of the greenhouse. H^- 

 manthuB falcatus and H. coccineus flower before the leaves are produced. 

 They require to be duly supplied with water while growing, and withhold 

 ■water gradually after they begm to decay. Brunsvigia Josephuife requires to 

 be well watered when in growth, and to bo kept dry when at rest, with a light 

 and airy position in a greenhouse. Cjrtauthus obliquus needs free watering 

 dmiog the period of growth, and should have a liybt aiiy position in winter, 

 ■with just enough water to keep the foliage fresh. They should all be placed 

 deep enough in the soil to cover the bulb to the neck. Repot when they are 

 in growth, affording good drainage, with a compost of tnrfy yellow loam two 

 parts, and one part each leaf soil and sandy peat, and a sixth of sand. The 

 pots need not be more than thi-ee times the diameter of the bulbs. 



Heating Greenhouse (C. E. P.).— Your greenhouse for the wintering in 

 safety of the plants you name will need to have frost excluded. Two 3-inch 

 pipes along the front of the house and one end would give you the requu'ed 

 temperature in winter — i.e., 40^ to 45" from fire heat. A stove boiler would 

 be most suitable. A dozen good Fuchsias are: — Dark (single) — Try-me-Oh, 

 Crown Prince of PrusKia; Dark (double) — Avalanche, King of Doubles. 

 Wliites (single)— Sirs. J. Lye, Minnie Banks, Arabella Improved; Whitc- 

 coroUa-t (single)— Delight, Gem (Cannell's) ; Whitc-coroUns (double)— Ava- 

 lanche, Little Alice, and Striata Splendour. The Bpeciraen sent us is a 

 curious malformation, one segment of the calyx is winged on each side with 

 half a leaf. The specimen is very vigorous and handsome. Do not alter 

 your treatment. 



Gas for Heating (An Admirer of Nature). — For a small glazed structure 

 for winter protection it is well known, as you say, that gas is effectual, not 

 espent-ive, and requires the minimum of attention. It is also well known 

 that the fumes from burning gas are destructive of plant life. Arrangements 

 are always made to prevent it, and those arrangements must vary to meet 

 other requisites. 



Ebony from Seaweeds (H. C. S. D.).—V>'e are informed by " G.," whose 

 Aberystwith notes, page 116, you refer to, that he believes all the Fuci are 

 available for the purpose, and that they should be used dry yet fresh. The far 

 greatest hulk of the Aberystwith Seaweeds is the Fucus vesiculosus. " G." 

 was only a visitor at Aberystwith. 



Destroying Wasps (G. W. H.).— We do not know Scott's mixture. It 

 should be advertised. Our correspondent recommends boiling water to be 

 poured into the nest, but the nest and its entrance must be peculiarly 

 situated. 



Names of Fruits (Viridin).—The Apple is Sops-in-Wine. We think a 

 good deal of your seedling Grape, and would like to see a well-grown bunch. 

 <G. fJ/ii/fflHfc).— Caillat Rosat. (J. Woodlife).—!, Early Harvest ; 2, this is 

 cot Joanneting, and we do not know it; 3, Keswick Codlin. {Q. Diss), — 

 Plums: 1, Diamond; 2, Orleans; 3, Goliath; 4, Victoria. 



Names of Plants {J. W.). — The specimen was very withered; wo believe 

 it to be Diplacus californicus. (An Old Subscriber). — Pinus macrocarpa, a 

 native of California. No specimen numbered 2 reached us. 3, Tamai-ix indica. 

 (Lady Maria).— I, Rhus Cotinus, poisonous; 2, Clematis lanuginosa; 3, Cti- 

 presBus macrocarpa, becomes a large tree, but does not spread out "like a 

 forest tree." (Mnason). — Alyssnm sasatile variegatum. (8. Filpot). — We 

 cannot name plants from leaves only. (0. fV. B.). — Eranthemum Anderson! 

 Mast. [Bot.Mag., ^ 5771). (J7ora).— Epipactis latifolia. (B. .4.).— Spirrea 

 ariaDfolia, native of North America. (B Smyth). — Selaginella Braunii, Baker, 

 Clethra arborea. Ait. (Q. B. C).— Veratrum nigrum and a Thalictinim, pro- 

 bably T, minus. (Mrs. Parry Jojics).- Cyrtautbera magnifica minor (Jus- 

 ticia camea, Bot. Mag., t. 33S3J. (R. IK.).— Panicum capillaro. 



POULTRY, BEE, AM PIGEON OHEONIOLE. 



MOULTING. 



We believe a few general rules will answer the queries of 

 "E. H. R.," and others. The earlier chickens are hatched the 

 easier they are to rear ; but it is altogether wrong to advise 

 none but March or April ijullets. Many of the best fowls of the 

 year are hatched in May, and their growth is often mirvellous. 

 Not only must those who look to eggs as the principal profll to 

 be derived from poultry, hatch nearly all the year round, but 

 those whose calling it is to supply the London market with its 

 celebrated poultry are compelled to do the same. It involves 

 expense, and therefore it must be dear; but it is a fact that in 

 London, in any weather aud at any time of the year, a peifict 



fowl or chicken can be eaten — juicy, succulent, white, and so 

 tender that it may be carved with fork and bpoou. This can only 

 be done by continuous hatching. Perfect table poultry is yet 

 unknown to many an ardent amateur. There exists with them a 

 time when fowls are either out of season or so hard they can 

 scarcely be eaten. For perfect table poultry a pullet that has 

 laid is out of the question. Fowls hatched in the early spring 

 grow a third faster than those hatched in the autumn. The 

 natural time for moulting is when the duty and strain of breed- 

 ing is over. Fowls do not moult the first year (unless they are 

 very early and have become hens), but they change their 

 feathers. In the same way a young cock Pheasant changes his 

 brown for his beautiful plumage. First one feather appears, 

 then another, then brilliant patches are seen, and at last he 

 shines in lovely plumage. A chicken appears all down, then 

 wing and tail feathers appear ; hon plumage covers the body, 

 but it is not hard feather — handled, this plumage feels like cob- 

 web. This also disappears, and then the clothing is that of an 

 adult, lasting till laying, sitting, and the maternal duties are 

 over. The feathers are, however, worn out, the back is naked 

 among the hens aud puUets. The combs shrivel and look dead, 

 and the whole remaining strength of the bird seems devoted to 

 the formation of the new plumage. As an average this will begin 

 in July, and be over in October. There may be sports and 

 occasional deviations, but this is the natural season. 



EDENBRIDGE POULTRY SHOW. 



This was held on the 19th inst. The following are the 

 awards : — 



Dorkings.— Coloured.— Cocfc or Cockerel —1, "W. J. Rngsell. 2, R. Cheeaman, 

 c, G. Field. Hens.— I, T. C. Barnell. 2, G. Field, c, C. McNiven : T. Marsh. 



Dorkings.— ^(/rfr-Grey.—CocA: or Cockerel —1, T. C. Burnell. 2, C. McNiven. 

 /tc. Mrs. Lee. Hens —I, Mrs. Lee. 2, T. Marsh, c, C. McNiven. 



SPANian.— 1. E. Winwood. 2, J. Francis, e. A. S. Owen. 



Cocnis-Caiai..— Buff or Cinnamon.— 1, E. Winwood. 2, E. Gooawin. c, Mrs. 

 A. De H. Christy. Wkite.—l, R. S. S. Woodgate. Any variety. —Cock or 

 Cockerel.^!, R S. S. Woodgate. 2. A. A Vander Meersch. 



Brahmi PooTRA.— Darfc.— 1, Mrs. Lee. 2, R. Sheppard. Light.— \t S. P. 

 Broad. 2, Capt. G. F. Talbot. 



ak^E.-Blacli-hreastcd or other Redt.-l, F. Warde. 2 and lie, G. H. Fitz- 

 Herbert. Anv other variety.— I and 'ic, G. H. Fitz-Herbert. 2. B. MoUett. Any 

 Viiriety.—Cock or Cockerel.— 1. F. Warde. 2, B. MoUett c, R. A. Boissier. 



HAMUURGHS.-Go/rf or Sifuer-i;jj(in!7ted— I, J. Long. 2, C. E.L. Lucas. Gold 

 or Sitrer-pcncilled.-l, J. Long. 2. Master W, M. Cajalet. c, H. Kelsey. 



P.iLisH.- 1, J. Long. 2, E. S. S. Woodgate. 



HoUDANB.- 1, W. Dring. 2, R. A. Boissier. he. Master W. M. Cayalet. 



Bantams.— Ga7«e.—1, W. S. Marsh, 2, J. Long. Any other variety, not 

 Oame—\, R. S S. Woodgate. 2. Mrs. Lee. he, A. A. Vander Meersch. Any 

 variety.— Cock or Cockrel.—l. W. S Marsh. 2, Capt G. F. Talbot. 



Ant other Varietv.— 1. R. S. S. Woodgate (Silkies). 2. J. Long (Black 

 Hamburghs). vhc. Rev. N. J. Ridley (La Fieche). c, S. P. Broad (White 

 Silkies). 



Selling Class.— Cocfc or Cockerel.— I, R- A. Boissier (Hoadan). 2, Rev. N. 

 J. Ridley (Cochin). Hen*. -1, E. Winwood. 2, J. Francis (Spanish), /ic, Miaa 

 Morrison (Andalusians) ; Mrs. A. De H. Christy ( Buff Cochins), c, A. S. Owen 

 (Spanish). 



ANV \&mErr. — Cockerel. — I, W. Dring (Houdan). 2, F. Haines (Light 

 Brahma), vhc, A. Bentley (Black Spanish); B. Mollett (Duckwing Game), nc, 

 J. K. Lawther (Dark Brahma); Mrs. A. De H. Christy (Buff Cochin); E.Hay- 

 wood (D,irk Brahma). Pulleta.—\, R. S. S. Woodgate (White Cochins). 2, F. 

 Haines (Light Brahma), vhc, R. Cheesmau (Coloured Dorkiags); B. IVIoUett 

 (Duckwing Game), he, W. Dring (Houdins); Mrs. A. De H. Christy (Buff 

 Cochins); E. Haywood (DarkBralima). c.Capt.G. P.Talbot (Light Brahma): 

 Miss Petley (Game Bantams); W. J. Russell (Dorkings). 



Ddcks.— 4i/(!-.!i)uri/.— 1, C. Mc^^lveu. 2, N. Edghill. he, Mrs. A. De H. 

 Christy. Rouen.— 1 and he, C. Brown. 2 and e, G. Field. Any otlier variety.— 

 1 and he, S. P. Broad. 2, T. G. Farmer, vhc, L G. Morrell. c, A. Glover. 



Geese. — 1 and r)ic. G. Fie'd. 2, Mrs. Lee. c, C. E. L. Lucas. 



TUHKErs.-l, G. Field, Norfolk, vlic, F. Warde, Cambridge. 



PIGEONS. 



Caebiees — 1, A. Bentley. 2, J. Francis. 



Drag jons.— 1, A. Bowman. 2, T. Marsh. 



Ant other Variett.— 1, vhc, and he, A. A. Vander Meeracb. 2, A. Eastty. c, 

 A. S. Owen (Blue-shouldered Turbits) ; W. K. Killick (Magpies) ; A. A. Vander 

 Meersch. 



RABBITS. 



Lop.EARED.— i3wcfc.— 1, W. Layton, 2 and )iC, — Stedman. Doe.— 1 and ftc, — 

 Stedman. 2, R. A. Boissier. c, W. MiUen. 



ANY other Variety.— 1, R. A. Boissier (Himalayas). 2, — Stedman. vhc. 

 Miss M L. Gower. 



Selling Class.— 1 and he, — Stedman (Egyi^tian). 2, E. J. Rogers, vhc, 

 Capt. G. F. Talbot. 



Judge. — Mr. Matthew Headley, Claremont, Eedhill. 



DURHAM POULTRY SHOW. 



The annual Show of the Durham Agricultural Society was 

 held on the racecourse on the 2Ist inst. The day was very fine 

 and hot, an excellent marquee was provided, and the poultry 

 were well protected in comfortable wire pens. The entries 

 were larger than heretofore, although no alteration had been 

 made in the list of prizes. 



Cochins, as may be expected, were an excellent class, grand 

 old BuBs winning the prizes, and an excellent pen of White 

 chickens was very highly commended. Some of the pens of 

 Bralnnas were empty, though the winner.s were tolerably good 

 adult birds. Dorkings came next. The winners of the Dark 

 variety were very good. Of Sjianish there were only four pens, 

 all old birds ; the first a good pen, but the second almost done, 

 although good in points. Game had only one class, and only six 

 entries. The winners, which were Brown Beds, showed great 

 quality, although the first were in deep moult. Gold-spangled 



