March 2, 1876. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



179 



the better. The modern system of glazing with large panes 

 fitted closely almost entirely excludes air, except what is ad- 

 mitted by the veutilatore. 



GKEENHOUSE AND CONSEUVATOUY. 



The cold ■winds and unfavourable weather at this season 

 Bhould urge us to do all we can to mako the above stractures 

 attractive. Wo always contrive to have the best display from 

 now until the end of June ; by that time plenty of flowers can 

 be obtained out of doors. It is also necessary to be careful how 

 the ventilators are optned. If the house is constructed with 

 the ventilators to open on either side it is very easy to air the 

 house on that side opposite to which tho wind is blowing, and 

 if the wind is not blowing quite a gale the side next the wind 

 should be opened a little. 



We are now busy with the Chrysanthemums. Specimen 

 plants are being trained, and as they require it are repotted. 

 Tho specimens are grown for exhibition, and it is necessary 

 that they be started early, for although size does not go before 

 quality, size and quality combined are the most desirable objects 

 to aim at. The growing shoots are carefully tied down as they 

 advance in growth. The plants intended for cut blooms are 

 now in a cool frame, to which air is freely admitted. It is neces- 

 sary to fumigate them to prevent green fly from spreading 

 This pest must be destroyed at once. — J. Douglas. 



HORTICULTURAL EXHIBITIONS. 

 Secbetaries will oblige us by informing us of the dates on 

 which exhibitions are to be held. 

 Liverpool (Spring Show). March 5th. Mr, R. Wilson Ker, 6, BaBnetfc 



Street, Church Street, Hon. Sec. 

 Leeds (Spring Show). March 15th and 16th. Mr. G. Forbes, 103, Hyde 



Park Iload, Sec. 

 Bristol (Spring Show). M^irch 22nd and 23rd. Mr. G. Weblej, Holm 



Wood, Westburj-upon-Trym, Hod. Sec. 

 Glasgow. March '2%h, May liitb, and September 12th and 13th. Mr. F. 



GUb. Doughail, 16', Oinnin'T Street. Sec. 

 KoYAL Caledonian HohTicuLTUEAL Society. Shows April 5th, July 5th, 



and September 13th. 

 WSBTJiiNSTER AQUARitiM. April 12th and 13th, May 10th and 11th, Maj 



80th and 31st, July 5th and 6th. 

 TiVEETON. May 24th and 25th. Messrs. A. Payue and J. Mills, Hon. Sees. 

 Manchester (Grand National). Jane 2nd to 9th. Mr. Bruco FindJay, 



Boyal Botanic Garden, Sec. 

 SoDTHAMProN. Jano 5th, and Aagast the 5th and 7th. Mr. C. S. Fuidge, 



39, York Street. Sec. 

 Maj:d9tone (Roses). June 2l9t. Mr. Hubert Bensbed, Rockstow, Maid- 



Btone, Sec. 

 Spalding. June 2lRt and 22nd. Mr. G. Kingston, Sec. 

 Reioate (Roses). June 24th. Mr. J. Payne, Freasurer. 

 Richmond. June 29th. Mr. A. Chancellor, Hon. Sec. 

 Frome (Roses). Junw 29th. Mr. A. R. Baily, Hon. Sec. 

 Southport. July 6th, 6th. 7th, and 8th. Mr. E. Martin, Sec. 

 Helensburgh (Rosea). July 12th and 13th. Mr. J. MituheU, Sec. 

 Wimbledon. July 12th and 13th. Mr. P. Appleby, 5, Linden Cottages 



Hon. Sec. 

 Brighodse. July 29th. Messrs. C. Jessop & E. Rawnsley, Hon. Sees. 

 Heworth (Horticultural). Anguyt 2ud. Mr. R. H. Feltoe, Hon. See. 

 Clay Cross. August I5th. Mr. J. Stallard, Clay Cross, near Chesterfield, Sec. 

 Preston. August 16th and 17th. Mr. W. Troughton, Hon. Sec. 

 Shrewsbury. August 16th and I7th. Aduite & Naunton, Hon. Sees. 

 Seaton Burn. August 26th. Mr. R. Richardson and Mr. W. Ellott, Sees. 

 Dundee (International). September 7th, 8th, and 9th. Mr. W. R. McKelvie, 



26, Euclid Crescent, Sec. 



TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 



George Tateg, 29, Little Uaderbank, Soathport. — Descriptive 

 Catalogue of Select Vegetable and Flower Seeds, 



Jamea Backhouse it Son, York. — Supplementary List of New 

 and Mare Alpine Plants. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 

 *,* All correspondence should be directed either to " The 

 Editors," or to *' The Pablisher." Letters addressed to 

 Mr. Johnson or Dr. Hogg often remain unopened unavoid- 

 ably. We request that no one will write privately to any 

 of our correspondents, as doing so subjects them to un- 

 justifiable trouble ani expense. 

 Correspondents should not mis up on the same sheet questions 

 relating to Gardening and thoso on Poultry and Bee sub- 

 jects, and should never send more than two or three 

 qaestions at once. AU articles intended for insertion 

 Bhould be written on one side of the paper only. We 

 cannot reply to qaestions through the post. 

 Books (Cultivator). — The "Fern Book'' ia preparing for pablication. 

 Garden Plans (f>. Q. B.).— We know of no work teaching the mere 

 elements of encii drawing. London's edition of Reptnn's" Landscape Garden- 

 ing" is full of information relative to drawing and designing gardens. 



"White Cyclamen (Hercfordian). — It is not uncommon. We cannot 

 answer jour other query. 



AucDBA Berries (Catechumen). — ^An answer in onr last number contains 

 the information you ask for. 



Pednino FnriT Trees (A. C.I.— Mr. Rivera has pnblished "The Minia^ 

 ture Fruit Garden," which containa directions for some kinds of pruning. 

 Its price 13 Bs. 



Fdnous on Beech Trkes (If. F.). — A creamy mixture of lime in a brine 

 of common salt applied with a bruHh will destroy it. Some soot added to the 

 mixture prevents the whiteness beints' an objection. 



TnujA ADREA Injured by Di)os (F. M. 8.). — Doga, not cats, have caused 

 the injury, and heyond what you have done to prevent a recnrreuce ul the evil 

 ynu can add nothing ; coni^euinl Weather will do the rest. Wo cuuldnot with- 

 out seeina the shrubs tell wh' tlier they will recover, AU the parts affected as 

 you describe will die, and probably the plants if the stems are injured. 



Heeling Broccoli (TiUm). — It is done to protect the plants, or rather 

 their stems, from deetructioo by severe W3ather, the soil being taken out at 

 the back of tho plant in a sort of trench, into which is laid the stem of the 

 plant with its head inclining northwards, the whole of the stem up to the 

 nock being covered with soil, and the roots which will be exposed by the 

 operation being also covered with soil, previous to which a good watering ia 

 given if the weather ba dry. Laveriug cher-k'^ growth, and enables the plants 

 to withstand severe weather better than those not opsrated on. It should be 

 done the early part of November. 



Pruning Recently- planted Vines (A Young Qardener). — The Vines 

 with cauea 6 feet lorg should he cut-bick to the bottom of the rafter or 

 where you wish to originate side shoots or spurs ; but as the time is past for 

 pruning without a certainty of bleefiiug we should depress the points of tho 

 canes from whence you wish shoots originated, and rub off the eyes from 

 which you do not require shootw, and should not leave more than three 

 shoots— two side shoots and a leader, removing all others. Leave the fruiting 

 canes in the pots. 



Pruning Peach Trees (/(/rm).— Cat-hack the atrong shoots half their 

 length, and the moderately strong about one-third, and the others in pro- 

 portion to their strength. The trues will be weakf ned by removd.1, and unless 

 pruned they will make a very poor growth this season. 



Grafting Pears (F. J.). — Better not insert more than one or two grafts 

 in a stock, and as near a foot from the ground as practicable. A dozen to 

 eighteen grafts on each tree would in a meas-ure fail, and if all grew the 

 upper grafts would ha the most vigorous, appropriating the sap. Fur a 

 pjramid you must begin at the bottom and work upward, forming the tree 

 in the second as in the first instance. 



Management of Bedding Plants (Idem). — A fortnight ia too short a 

 time for keeping bedding plants in bottom beat after potting. They should 

 he kept in the heat until well rooted, the mots workiag freely in the fresh 

 soil; the plants should then bs hardened off, placed in the cold frame, and 

 kept rather close for a time. 



Pruning Roses ON Manetti Stocks (/(/cm).~Cnt away all the old and weak 

 shoots, and shorten the others to four or eii eyes according to their strength ; 

 but at the distance your plants are apart wo should have at least twice the 

 number of shoots you name, having some of the weaker wood pruned to 

 two or three eyes. Now is a proper lime to prune them. 



Transplanting Hollies from Woods [A Novice). — The best time to 

 transplant Hollies from sach a position as you describe is from the middle 

 of April to the first week in May, according as the season is forward or late, 

 they being best moved when commencing growth. We do not think you 

 will have much success, as the roots are often long and fibreless near the 

 stem, and being in the shade they do not, when moved to the open, do nearly 

 so well as those grown in full exposuio proviously. We should now take out 

 a trench all around the trees 2feeb from the stem, cutting off all routs in the 

 trench, and going down as deeply as tlie roots extend. We should then fill 

 in the trench and leave thera until April twelvemonths, when you may be 

 able, from fibres being formed nearer the stem, to move with a ball, at least 

 doubling the hope of successf al removal. 



Propagating Variegated EaoNVMUs (A. J.). — Take cuttings of the young 

 shoots after they become rather firm lu July or August, and insert in sandy 

 soil in a warm border, covering with a handglass, and shading from sun, or 

 insert in pans or pots, and pla'^e in a cold frame kept close and shaded. 

 Young shoots strike sooner in gentle heat. 



Pruning Clematis Jackmani (Iilt'in\. — Cut awaytheold and bare shoots, 

 and leave those which have firm ripe wood with prominent eye^ at about a 

 foot distance apart, removing only thtir points down to good eyes. If you 

 want shoots at the base you must cub back some of the slioots so as to give 

 others at the places required. 



TaiMMiNG Newly-planted Hornbeam Hedge (Sussex). — We ehonld not 

 trim it this year, but allow it to beL^ome established, and before growth takes 

 place nest year trim-in rather closely. 



Eucalyptus globulus {Idem).~It would succeed against a wall if the 

 ground were well drained so as to insure dryness, but except in very warm 

 sheltered situations it is not hardy. It is sufhcient if the soil be damp, a 

 wet soil only making it more susceptible of injury from cold. 



Planting Hardy Aquatics IH. H. F.).— The best time ia during March 

 and up to the beginning of May, but it may ba practised at almost any 

 season, but preferably in the sprmg. 



Nitrate of Soda for Vines [C. B.). — We have no information, but we 

 should not object to applying 1 lb. dissulved in ten gallons of water. Try it 

 to one Vine, and inform us of tho effect. 



Handlighfs (Cheshire Amateur). — We cannot give the information. 

 Write to Mr. Gilbert. 



Setting CucuirEEE Blossoms (A Beginner). — Apply a stamen of a mala 

 flower to the pistil of each female llower. "The Garden Manual" will suit 

 yuu. You can have it free by post if you enclose twenty postage stamps 

 with your address. 



Annuals for Ross House (B. B.).— For your unheated Rose bouse Tro- 

 paeolums and Convolvuluses would be suitable for covering space quickly 

 and effectively. Tropteolum canarien8e,T. Lobbianum, and other varieties are 

 rapid-growing free-flowering annuals. Cjnvolvulua majjr, Ipomea limbata 

 elegautissima, and I. Quamociit may be grown, sowing the seed in April 

 where the pliints are intended to flower, except the la'^ter, which should ba 

 sown in heat and the seedlings transplanted, as also should Lophospermum 

 scandens and ornamental Gouids in variety. 



Annuals for Bedding (Simscx). — Convolvulus tricolor splendens forms a 

 fine blue bed, and is lasting; Saponaria calabrica makes a splendid pink bed 

 of long continuance ; KaBtortlum King of Tom Thumbs affords scarlet, and 



