220 



JOURNAL OF HOUTIODLTUBB AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ Marck 16, 1876. 



SouTBPOitT. JoJy 5th, Gth, 7th. and 8th. Mr. E. MarMo, Sec. 

 Helensbdbgh (Rnses). July 12th aud 13tb. Mr. .r. Mitche'I. Sec. 

 "WuiDLEDON. July 12th and 13th. Mr. P. Appleby, B, Linden Cottages 



Hod. Sec. 

 Kilmarnock. Roeea, July 18th and 19th. General Exhibition, September 



14th. Mr. M. Smith, 11, King Street. Sec. 

 ToNBBiDGE. July Uth. Mr. W. Blair, Hon. Sec. 



Beighouse. July 29th. Messrs. C. Jtssop & E. Bawnsley, Hon. Sees. 

 Heworth (HorticultUTftl). Aagu»t 2nd. Mr. K. H. Feltoe, Hon. Sec. 

 Clay Cross. Aoguat 15tb. Mr. J. Stallard, Clay Cfoeb, near Chesterfield, Sec. 

 ■Weston-super-Mare. Aogust 15th and l6th. Mr. W. B Fi-ampton, bee. 

 Preston. Augnst 16th and 17th. Mr. W. Troushton. Hon. Sec. 

 Shuewsbdey. Aogust 16th and 17tb. Adnite & Naunton, Hnn. Sees. 

 Taunton Jjeane. August 17th. Mr. F. H. Woodforde, M.D., and Mr. 



Clemtnt Smith, Hod. Sees. 

 Seaton Burn. Aagust 26th. Mr. R. Richardson and Mr. W. Ellott, Sees. 

 Dundee (iDtemational). September 7th, 8th, and 9th. Mr. W. R. McKelvie, 



26, Eaclid Crescent, Sec. 



TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 



James Carter & Co., 237, HighHolborn, liond.on.— Illustrated 

 List of Prize Farm Seeds. 



Ewing & Co., the Royal Nurseries, Eaton, Norwich. — List of 

 New Roses, Clematises, d-c. 



James Dickson & Sons, 103, Eastgate Street, Chester. — Cata- 

 logue of Farm Seeds. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 

 •,* All correspoudence ehonld be directed either to " The 

 Editors," or to *' The Pablieher." Letters addressed to 

 Mr. Johnson or Dr. Hogg often remain unopened unavoid- 

 ably. We request that no one will write privately to any 

 of our correspondents, as doing so BubjectB them to un- 

 justifiable trouble and expense. 



Tax for Gardener (St. Georc/e).— \Ve beheve you are liable to pay foi" 

 him. Ihe tejm "male ferraut" is comprehtDsive, even if the Act does not 

 Epecify a gardener, but we daresay it does. 



HouH3 CF 'Work (Puzzled].— Ihe time nsnally required of wortmen in 

 gaideEB is from 6 a.m. to 5.30 ph., but the hours are generally governed by the 

 cnstcm of localities. A gardener if competent and having an interest in hia 

 charge, thould be allovred rea.'^finable latitude. Such a man will not be afraid 

 Ot wotkiDg earlier and later than the houis named if his duties require it, 

 and he shtuld not be bouL.d by a system of clockwork. If it is neceesary to 

 &x a stated time (or woiking, that above named is reasonable. 



Labour Required foe Garden (W. li'.).— Much depends oa the size of 

 yonr eeven houses and two pits. If large and to be well managed they will 

 afford sufficient occupation for one man. Ihese bouses, an acre of pleasure 

 groDcds, and three-quarters of an acre of kitchen garden, should be well kept 

 by two men with the assistance of a stout boy in summer. 



Plan of Garden (Mrs. ff.).— We could not undertake to have a plan 

 arranged for an old-fashoncd house of the situation of which we know 

 notbiog. As the house is four centuries old, geometrical beds in front would 

 be appropriate. They should be of forms corresponding with the architec- 

 tural lines of the building and bo surrounded with Box-edging. 



Tenant Eemo\'ing Trees or Shrubs (E. Jspinall). — No tenant has a 

 right to remove a tree or shrub whether he or anyone else planted it, whilst 

 be is in poBsesslon. After he has left he has no right even to go into the 

 garden. 



Pyramid Pear Trees not Bearing (E. F. TT.).— The trees planted sii 

 years ago ought to be fairly furnished with fruitful spurs. We can only 

 acccunt for their not being so from their gio'^ing too vigoronely, from in- 

 attention to summer pmniog, and by not lifting them occasionally. Pro- 

 bably the trees have been tec much " mulched " — the soil too rich. We h-id 

 abont a bucdred trees in a Bimilar state to what you deecril e yours to be, 

 which we lifted in the autumn of 1874.' They are now very full of bloom 

 buds, and, if the seaeon be favourable, will no doubt bear abucdantly. Pay 

 close atteLtion this seaeon to eummer-pruDing, aud lift the trees in autumn 

 BO soon as the leaves fall. We presume the trees are on the Quince stock, 

 and if so they ought to thrive in a low situation. 



Broccoli FOR Scccesston (Idem). — It depends upon the kinds and time 

 of t owing and planting; certainly is not due to situation, for in a much higher 

 and colder oue two hundred iniles further north heads have been cut during 

 the past three weeks. We eow Snow's Winter White (which is the kind we 

 are now cutting), Backhouse's Winter White, which succesda it, Veitch's 

 Spring White, Cooling's MatclJesa, Perkins' Leamington, Laude/s Goshen, 

 Bud Sutton's Perfection, and have Broccoli in succession from February to 

 June. With Veitch's Self-protectmg Autumn Broccoli we calculate upon 

 having BroccoU frum November. 



pLrMBAGo CAPENSia NOT FLOWERING lldcm) —It is probably in a too dark 

 and thudtdpo&ition, or may have too much root space. Allow it to grow, water- 

 ing mr derately eo as to induce harder closer-jointed wood, confining pruning 

 to the thorteiiing of very strong locgcrLtwths and the removal of gi'Oss irregu- 

 larities, espoRing it to as much to light as practicable. 



Culture of Disa grandiflora (Mrs. D.).— Grow in an airy greenhouse 

 prottcted from the direct rays of the sun, but otherwise light. Pot in 

 Bandy bbrous peat, with about a sixth part of pieces of cbarcoal intermixed. 

 Drain the pot one-third its depth, and place an inverted saucer in a pan of 

 water kept full, the inverted one on which the pot is htotd being covered with 

 water about an inch, so that the pot containing the plant will have that depth 

 of wa'er. When rot growing this moisture will be sufficient, but when in 

 growth water overhead with a rose watering pot every mLrning. 



Primula, Cineraria, and Calceolaria Seed-sowino (i?. TT'. R ).— Sow 

 the Piimnla and the Cineraria seed th^ firet week in May, aud the Ca'ceolaiia 

 eeed the first week in July in a cold frame ; the Primula and Cineraria to be 

 placed in gentle heat, and when the plants have a pair of rough leaves pot-off 

 singly and place in a cold frame, growing therein dming summer, shifting 

 into larger pots as required, removing to the greenhouse in October, from 

 which frost must be excluded. 



Butcher's Broom Berrying (J. H. M.).—lt is a hardy shrub, requiring 

 only to be crown in litjht moderately rich soil and an open situation. It will 

 already have been or be in flower, the berries being borne on the margin of 

 the leaves. The flowers may be impregnated with a camel's-hair brush to 

 ensure their setting. 



Culture of Double Geraniums (Inquirer).— Cat them back now, and 

 repot wh^n they have madcfrefh fihoote about an inch long, removing most of 

 the o\i soil, repotting in tt o same Kize of pots as before used, in a compost of 

 turfy loam with a fourth of old cow dung or well-decayed maoure. and a sixth 

 of sand. P*g or tie-down the shoots, training them thinly as they advance, 

 potting into the blofimiog pots about the middle of June, up to which time 

 the plunts may be stopped. Grow after May in a cold pit with abundant; 

 ventJlation, and affurd liquid manure at every alternate watering after the 

 pots are filled with roots, duly attending to the regulation of the shoots bj 

 tying out. It is useless jour competing if you will not use stakes, for othera 

 will do 80, and have very much better shaped and larger plants. The main 

 thing is to thow those aids as little as po.-sible, and to keep the plants well 

 furnished at the base, compact and well flowered. Tricolor aud Bicolor 

 Geraniums are judged by thtir folia.;e — its brightness and depth of oolourini?, 

 and those which have the finest foliage with size and i-jmmetry of plant will 

 be winners. We do not know whnt may be termed the proper mode of 

 training. Some employ wire-i, others stabes, one being as artificial as the 

 other. Plants in a half-globe form, well furnished from the base and com- 

 pact In growth, combining fresbneiis with high colouring and distinctneSB, 

 are to be aimed at. Sticks and wires ought to be quite hidden from view. 



Heating Fernert— Orchids and Ferns (C.J.)— Your house ought to 

 have piping added so as to raise the temperature in February and March 

 10° higher than at present. We should have Ferns at the moister i-ide or 

 part, and Orchids at the di-ier. You do not eay how many p'ants you will have 

 accommodation for, but we name a dozen of each — viz.. Ferns: Adiantuma 

 gracillimum, farleyense, and concinnum latum, Asplenium pra^morsum, Chei- 

 lanthes Borsigianx, DdV<liia teuuifolia btricta, Drynaria qutrcifolia, Nephro- 

 li-pis davallioidtH, Platycerium alcicorne major, Polypodium appendiculatum, 

 Pteria tricolor, Nothoc'jcna trichomaujides, and Platyloma brachypterum. 

 Orchids: MasdevaUia Harryana, Cattleya Mossis, Dendrobium BensouitB, 

 Laelia pnrpnrata, Dendrobium Parishii, Epidendron macrochilum, E. vitel- 

 lioum, Odontngiossum Alexandra}, O. grande, Dendrobium flmbriatum, 

 D. oculatum, Cattleya cri^pa supeiba, and Cypripedium caudatum. In the 

 sunlesfl pit we should have Hymenophyllums and Trichomanes, and it need 

 not be heated, being open to tho house from which it will derive sufficient 

 warmth. Perhapg we have misunderstocd your letter; the sunlefs pit may 

 only be another term for the north house you wish for Ferosand Orchids, and 

 which will not ace 'mmodate mora than the plants we have named. Ficus 

 repens will cover the wall8 perfectly. Nepenthes and Anthurium Soberzer- 

 ianum would do well iu suuh a house, but i^'alms and Begonias would be 

 better in the stove. 



Stove Climber for Hoof (Jcfsm).— The best four may be Clerodendron 

 Balfourii, Stephanotis floribuuda, Paasiflora princepg, and Ipomaea Horofailiffi. 

 The best remedy for green aphis infesting Adiantums is fumigation with 

 tobacco, taking care not to overdo it, or the young fronds will be injured. 



Stopping Lapageria rosea (M. R. H.). — Allow it to grow at its "own 

 sweet will," not stopping it, but give it plenty of space, aud it will reward 

 you accordingly with abundance of bloom. We advise you neither to stop 

 nor cut away other than worn-out shoots. It will not bear stopping, and to 

 cut away the young shoots ia to destroy the future flowering. 



Budding Mareohal Niel Rose (F. W. H.).—lt will succeed on the Briart 

 but requires to bo grown m a warm sbeltered &ituation, or will do no good as 

 a standard. We have no experience of it worked with a Perpetual, but it 

 would no doubt succeed, the Perpetual being a free grower. 



Shifting and Propagating Carnations (Idem). — Shift the plants into 

 the 10 or 11-inch blooming pots the tecjod week in April. Take pipings, 

 which are what we presume you mean by cuttings, at the close of June or thfl 

 early part of July, a slight hotbed being necessary. Layering is a more 

 certain mode of propagatijn, it be.ng performed at the close of July or early 

 August. 



White Seedling Cineraria (A. F 0.).—lb is a fine flower for border 

 purposes, but does not satisfy the requirements of a florist for exhibition. 



Grafting Pear Trees (F. J.).— Yon must not allow any growth from the 

 stocks, and if the lower branches are near the ground and it is not desirable 

 to cut them close off to ihe tree, you must graft them; insert grafts also oa 

 to the main stem when it is cut down. 



Treatment of Young Peach Trees { W. E.).— As they are recently planted 

 cut the young growths back to half their length. 



Gbafiing Apple Tpees (Wtml.— You may ineert the grafts as Foon as 

 the stock shows eit^ns of growth. The grafts shculd be taken from the trees 

 b fore they start into growth. They may be laid into the ground until it iB 

 time to use tbem. 



Propagating Thorn (Idem).—Vf0 do not know Ihe name of the Thom 

 that fljwers at niebt. All the varieties of Tborn are propagated by grafting 

 on the common White Thorn. Now is the time to graft them. 



Sowing Fuchsia Seed (P. 7". B.).— Sow the seed at once in pots or pans 

 well drained, in a compost of two parts turfy loam, one part leaf soil, and a 

 free admixture of sand. Soatttr the seeds evenly, and cover them about an 

 eiyhth of au inch deep with fine toil. The seeds we presume were sepa- 

 rated from the pulp of tho pods when gathered, if not the seeds must at 

 sowing bu removto from tie pods. Place in a hotbed and keep moist, 

 shifting the seedlicgs into einglo pots when they can be well handled, and 

 when established in the small pots remove to a greenhouse. 



Sowing Anemone Seed (/(few).— Sow at the end of July or early in 

 August, in light rich soil in a sunny pcsition, covering half an inch deep. 



Growing Vines in Stove Pit (S. M. L,).— The pit is in the first place 

 too small for Vines to grow in permanently, and the house being a stove the 

 Vmes will not have the icquired rest in winier, nor due air for the thorough 

 ripening of the wood. Pot, \ ines would be most likely to succeed, but yon 

 will only be able to fruit them one year, and either raise or purchase freah 

 canes for succeeding seasons. Pai'ticulurs for raising the Vines are given by 

 Mr. Duuglas in last week's Journal, p&ae 199. With Vines in pots you ought 

 to have no difficulty. The pit could be filled with fermenting materials— a 

 mixture of leaves and stable manure— so as to raice a gentle bottom heat, 

 which will assist the Viue-i rooting and breaking freely, and the roots per- 

 meating the fermenting materials would tend materially to the success of the 

 crop. The pots ought not to bo plunged ia a higher bottom heat than 75'^. 



