82 Forestry Quarterly. 



of the absence of state control the forest area of this ownership 

 grows continuously, especially through reforestation of heaths, 

 of which there are 22 per cent of the total area in existence. This 

 is largely due to the "heidematschappy" association. The State 

 gives subventions, if the plantation is placed under State su- 

 pervision. 



In the Colonies Holland possesses very valuable forest proper- 

 ties, especially some million and a half of steep forest in Java, 

 which have been mapped and divided into eleven districts, a direc- 

 tor and three inspectors forming the administration. 



A forest school is to be found at Wageningen. The course is 

 three years for those remaining at home, four years for the colon- 

 ial service, in order to secure knowledge of the colonial dendro- 

 logy, colonial politics and the native languages. 



The importation here, too, is very considerable, and especially 

 that from Russia, which has quintupled since 1899. 



Der Hohmarkt von Bclgien und Holland. Forstwissenschaftliches 

 Centralblatt. December, 191 1. Pp. 262-265. 



The forest area of Roumania contains 6,- 



Forests 817,027 acres (21 per cent of total area), 



of of which 3,687,315 are under private own- 



Ronmania. ership. 2.642,166 are state forests, and the 



small balance communal or crown forests. 

 The most valuable part is in State ownership. It is claimed that 

 due to devastation and reforestation the water conditions of 

 the country have been considerably changed, destructive droughts 

 being not infrequent. The first thorough reorganization was legis- 

 lated in 1 88 1, when State control began to be exercised. Planta- 

 tions on sand dunes, distribution of plant material for reforesta- 

 tion formed part of this legislation. 



The distribution of the forest area in the dififerent districts is 

 given. The composition of the forest is almost entirely of broad- 

 leafed trees, oak, elm, ash, beech, with poplar, basswood, alder. 

 The coniferous forest (spruce, pine, larch) in the state property 

 comprises only 370,000 acres. The method of exploitation is 

 mainly by selection. The yearly net income per acre per tree, 

 etc., are given. A table of exports and imports through the years 

 from 1882 to 1907 shows that there is a considerable excess of ex- 

 ports. In 1907 the exports, however, were five million dollars. 



