Current Literature. 261 



Washington during the last few years. A large percentage of the 

 crossarms are manufactured at sawmills and the only material 

 used is Douglas Fir. Because of the particular size and grade re- 

 quired, the stock is usually bought under special specifications, 

 but is about equal in character to the commercial grade "select 

 common." The amount used annually is 35 million feet. 



There are two pulp mills in the state consuming annually nearly 

 20,ocx) cords of wood. The principal species used for this pur- 

 pose is black cottonwood followed by Douglas Fir and Sitka 

 Spruce, and small amount of Western Hemlock and White Fir. 

 The spruce and Douglas Fir are mixed with the Cottonwood in 

 small amounts even in the better grades of paper. The hemlock 

 and White Fir are used entirely for the production of "news." 



Another use for Black Cottonwood is in the manufacture of 

 excelsior. About 8,000 cords or 6,400,000 feet are required for 

 this purpose. One advantage of this industry is that it can em- 

 ploy the cores of veneer logs, which otherwise would probably be 

 wasted. Most of the veneer cut is used in the manufacture of 

 baskets, principally fruit and berry baskets. 



Of the various woods used, Douglas Fir, the most abundant and 

 diversely adapted wood in the state, furnishes more than one-half 

 of the material. Sitka Spruce ranks next because of its wide use 

 in box manufacture. Black Cottonwood is highly esteemed for 

 boxes and pulp but its limited occurrence prevents a larger con- 

 sumption. Western Hemlock is still lagging behind because its 

 real value is not yet fully recognized. White Fir and Western 

 Larch are not now widely employed, but it is believed that eventu- 

 ally they will form a larger proportion of the state's consumption 

 as the cost of the more desirable woods become greater. 



Of the broadleaf species, Oregon Maple, Western Birch, 

 Oregon Oak, Oregon Ash, Vine Maple, and Western Willow, have 

 excellent qualities fitting them for use in the manufacture of 

 many of the products for which eastern woods are brought in, and 

 their use is restricted entirely by their limited occurrence. 



S. J. R. 



The Wood-Using Industries of Mississippi. By C. Gould and 

 Hu Maxwell, U. S. Forest Service. Published by The Lumber 

 Trade Journal, New Orleans, La. March 15, 191 2. Pp. 19-29. 



