3/0 Forestry Quarterly. 



actual solution in the form of directions of the problems of 

 management, especially that of sustained yield where possible, 

 which calls for a definite plan of cutting whenever the transpor- 

 tation facilities permit the control of the location of cut. 



The following syllabus used by Dr. Fernow will aid the in- 

 structor in shaping his course. 



Forest Organization. 

 I. Introduction : Definition and Relationships. Literature. 



Forest management divided into technological and business branch. 

 Technological branch concerns itself with forest crop production ; silvi- 

 culture, protection, utilization. Business branch, or Forest Economy con- 

 cerns itself with business problems. It may be sub-divided into Forest 

 Organization, concerned in bringing about regular systematic use of forest 

 property to obtain regular maximum continuous yield or revenue; based 

 upon Forest Mensuration and Forest Finance ; Forest Administration 

 which includes the organization of a service. 



Forest organization is to order in time and space the procedures needed 

 to secure the most profitable use of the forest as such in the interest ©f 

 the owner bent on continuous, either annual or intermittent, management. 

 It involves forest survey and description, measuring in quantity and value 

 of stock and yield, determining rotation and regulating felling budget, 

 arranging time and place of utilization, and formulating working plans. — 

 Synonyms. — Literature. 



II. Fundamental Premises and Principles oe Forest Organization. 



a. Premises: i Extraneous; economic condition making forest manage- 

 ment practicable; markets, price movements; freight; taxes, tariff; distance 

 to market ; all influence practicability. Relative intensity of management. 



2. Internal ; area large enough to make independent business practicable ; 

 financial ability and willingness on part of owner (lumbering is not 

 forestry) ; silvicultural plan which will provide felling budget ; eventually 

 desire to secure sustained yield, cut annually or intermittently. 



b. Principles: i. Interests and objects of owner the pivot around which 

 all business turns ; various classes of owners. Relation between form of 

 forest management and character of ownership. Consideration of indirect 

 functions of forest by State. 



2. Sustained yield, silvicultural and economic, a maxim or guide and 

 final ideal. 



3. Annual returns; objections to intermittent business; how does lum- 

 berman avoid it. 



4. Profitableness; variously figured; difficulty of determining capital and 

 interest. Sequence in process of development : rough exploitation ; con- 

 servative lumbering; protection of young growth; silviculture; manage- 

 ment in recognition of capital and interest- 



III. The Normal Forest. 



Definition : The business ideal of forest management. GDnditions of 

 normality. Possibilities of abnormality. Approach to normality the final 

 aim; how secured. Normality under different silvicultural systems, (selec- 

 tion forest.) Relations of normal stock, normal increment, normal felling 

 budget, normal age-classes in size, gradation and distribution. Determi- 

 nation of normal stock by means of average increment and by yield tables. 

 Problems. 



