y]2 Forestry Quarterly. 



VII. Working Plans. 



A scheme for handling large areas in Which principles of management 

 are aniK)unced and prescribed fellings set forth in general terms, with a 

 view eventually to secure continuity and sustained yield. 



A. Ascertaining Data. 



a. Reconnaissance — object and methods. 



b. Views of owner — Discussion of policies; business, silvicultural, ad- 

 ministrative policy. 



c. Selection of principal crop species and silvicultural system. 



d. Examination of market, prices, transportation, competition. 



e. Forest Surveys — geometric — descriptive or qualitative — arithmetic or 

 quantitative. Interdependence of these. Methods and degree of 

 accuracy — mapwork — costs. 



1. Geometric survey, boundary and topographic. 



Forest Districting, principles involved- Subdivision into compart- 

 ments for purpose of orientation, formation of definite felling 

 areas, units of management. Ranges. Working Blocks. Ad- 

 ministrative Districts. Practice work on maps. 



2. Qualitative survey — forest description. 



General. Detail. 



Schedule supplied and discussed in practical application. 



Preparation of table of age classes. Site classes. 



3. Quantitative survey. Stock taking. 



Brief rehearsal of methods. 



Construction of Yield Tables and Stand Tables. 



Ascertaining Increment. 



Financial Calculations. 



B. Formulating Working Plans. 



1. General Plan — contents. 



Summary of actual conditions and proposition for improvements — 

 general business policy, silvicultural policy, administrative policy, 

 organization of area and service. 



Special recommendations for changes. 



2. Special plans. 



Detail calculation of budget. 



Felling plan — location of felHng areas. 



Improvement fellings and Thinnings. Location and quantities. 



Planting Plan. 



Utilization of by-products. 



3. Bookkeeping and Accounts. 



4. Periodic Revision of Working Plans. 



Need and object of revisions. Methods of Procedure. 



VIII. Critical Discussion of Specific Working Plans. 

 Reports in seminary style. 



Field Work. There should be extensive field work in forest 

 organization. Some of this may be given in connection with the 

 theoretical part of the work, but there should be at the end of 

 the whole course, after all the difficult branches have been com- 

 pleted, a period during which practical work can be conducted 

 which involves all the phases of work needed for the formulation 

 of a working plan, for which a large tract should be selected 

 having favorable conditions for study. If, in addition, practice 



