4o8 forestry Quarterly. 



1. The development of a true science. 



2. The scientific selection of the workman. 



3. His scientific education and development. 



4. Intimate friendly co-operation between the management and 

 the men. 



For our purposes these principles are somewhat too inclusive. 

 They emphasize the need for preventing "soldiering", the ever 

 present problem in large industrial establishments. Our problem 

 is simpler because, at least among professional foresters, there is 

 no desire to turn out a small amount of work. Rather the days 

 are not long enough nor their strength great enough to do the 

 tasks they would like to accomplish. This paper will then attempt 

 to show how scientific management can be applied to the problems 

 of the forester and enable him to turn out more work in less time 

 and with less efifort. It may be likened to a piece of machinery 

 the first cost of which is great, but, where the volume of work is 

 large enough to justify its purchase, by it the output can be 

 doubled and trebled and the cost per unit materially reduced. 



Expressed in another way the most pressing problem for the 

 forester is the development of scientific ways of doing things. 

 Having no serious labor problem he may concentrate his atten- 

 tion for the time being upon the first of Mr. Taylor's principles 

 and neglect the other three until he has scientific methods firmly 

 entrenched in the higher grades of the profession. Of course, it 

 will be necessary ultimately in order to get the best results out of 

 a large organization like the National Forest Service to apply the 

 last three principles laid down by ]\Ir. Taylor, but before selecting 

 and teaching the rangers scientifically it is necessary to convince 

 professional foresters that the principles of scientific management 

 are applicable to the problems of the profession. 



Since the definition given above explains scientific management 

 as the application of the scientific method to business it is first 

 necessary to explain what is meant by the scientific method. This 

 may be epigrammatically defined as the way in which science is 

 carried on. But this needs further elucidation because various 

 sciences are in various stages of development. For example, the 

 methods and objects of such a mature science as astronomy are 

 entirely different from those of a comparatively youthful science 

 like psychology. Not only are all the stars catalogued but their 



