4IO Forestry Quarterly. 



I. Sequence of time activities. 2. Equipment. 3. Straight 

 line methods. 4. Progress records. 5. Maintenance of effici- 

 ency. 



While these sub-divisions are more or less arbitrary, without 

 sharp dividing lines, and are mutually interdependent they can be 

 recognized in any sort of business management, and form con- 

 venient headings about which to group the different parts of the 

 discussion. 



Under the first heading are included the determination of such 

 questions as : 



(i) How long will the job take? and (2) In what order shall 

 the different parts of the task be taken up? These must be 

 answered before the job is begun. It might very well happen 

 that it would be inadvisable to start a piece of work at all because 

 it could not be finished in the time available. Likewise, the de- 

 termination of the sequence in which the parts of the task are to 

 be completed is of prime importance in order that there may be no 

 delays by reason of the lack of an important part at the proper 

 time. That questions like these cannot be decided intelligently 

 without much experience does not do away with the need of 

 answering them, or realizing them consciously or unconsciously, 

 at the start of any piece of work. 



Under the heading of "Equipment" are grouped all the me- 

 chanical appliances which are used in any piece of work. This 

 also seems the most logical place to consider factors like light, heat 

 and ventilation which are governed mainly by physical laws. The 

 striking advances in efficiency which have been made in the past 

 have been almost altogether improvements in equipment, or "in- 

 ventions." This is natural for the reason that the means of mea- 

 suring mechanical effects were the first to be developed because 

 the laws defining the actions of inanimate things have been fairly 

 well understood for a much longer period than the laws govern- 

 ing the phenomena of life. 



The third division, "Straight line methods" includes a field of 

 endeavor which has only recently been cultivated because our 

 knowledge of psychology has been so very meager until within 

 the last few years. Probably the best way to explain what is in- 

 cluded under this heading will be by an illustration of a simple 

 mechanical operation. A man who was making screw eyes by 



