Application of Scientific Management. 415 



In order to illustrate how scientific method of management can 

 be applied to field work an outline is given below which lists the 

 main points to be investigated in compass work : — 



Analysis of Compass Work. 



Sequence of time activities. 



Duration of task. 



Proper sequence of parts with different sizes of crew. 



Adequate finishing off. 

 Equipment. 



Compass — size of needles, stadia telescope. 



Tripod or Jacob staff. 



Chain, tape, or stadia. 



Clinometer for reading slope angles. 



Pins or tally register. 



Note book and pencils. 



Mapping materials. 

 Straight line methods. 



Concentration on task. 



Elimination of side issues and distractions. 



Best method of setting up compass. 



Best method of measuring. 



Best method of keeping notes. 



Best draughting methods. 

 Progress records. 



Comparison with quantity and quality standards. 



Showing up of exceptionally good or bad performances. 

 Maintaining efficiency. 



Adequate instruction. 



Promotion of esprit de corps. 



Promotion of professional pride. 



Adequate rewards. 



To sum up, scientific management is in brief based upon the 

 application of the scientific method to the investigation of the 

 dififerent parts of any art or business in order to determine the 

 best methods. The scientific method is made up of three steps. 

 In the first of these the material or phenomena in hand must be 

 classified. The second step consists in determining the behavior 

 of the elements under different conditions. In the last stage as a 

 result of the two preceding steps it is possible to formulate laws 

 which enable one to predict what will happen under any given 

 conditions. 



The most striking immediate result of the inauguration of the 

 scientific management in any business is the great increase of 

 overhead expense through the need of having a larger force to 

 plan the work and keep progress records ; for example, one plant 

 increased its foremen and clerks from four to twenty-five and de- 



