European Study for Foresters. 429 



Pyrenees and French Alps and the Austrian Alps ; Protection 

 from Drifting Sands — the seacoast Dunes of Western France, 

 Northern Germany (also Holland and Belgium) ; the interior 

 Dunes and shifting sands of Prussia (vicinity of Eberswalde) and 

 of Austria (Adriatic, and Ungarisch Hradisch on the Austro- 

 Hungarian border north of Vienna) ; Pathology — a visit to Prof. 

 Tubeuf at the University of Munich, the greatest vegetable path- 

 ologist since Hartig's death ; Protection from Fire — the pineries 

 of South-Central France. Perhaps the most extensive fire pro- 

 tective system is the Forest of I'Esterel which can be visited 

 from Frejus near Cannes. Algeria has a distinct fire problem; 

 the law governing Algerian forests will be translated into Eng- 

 lish within a year and published in America; Forest Entomology 

 — the combatting of the gypsy moth in Silesia, Saxony and in 

 North Central Bavaria. The insect damage at Numberg is in- 

 teresting; Protection against smoke and gases — this can be studied 

 to excellent advantage in the vicinity of Dresden, Freiberg and 

 other industrial towns of Saxony. Prof. Wislicenus of Tharandt 

 is a recognized authority on the subject. 



Forest Technology has advanced farthest along the lines of 

 wood chemistry. Perhaps the best laboratory to study this speci- 

 alty is at Tharandt Forst Academic (near Dresden) under the 

 guidance of Prof. Wislicenus. The turpentining in Southern 

 France and near Vienna is a well-developed industry. 



Special Points by Countries. 

 France. 



In general, French forestry is distinguished for its originality, 

 its naturalness and its comparative freedom from red tape. The 

 Frenchmen seems always to feel what the forests need. 



In Silviculture, France is the best exponent of the Coppice sys- 

 tems and their conversion into high forest (Nancy). Thinnings 

 from above "" are also a French specialty which can best be 

 studied at any of the beech-oak forests given in the appended 

 list. The thinnings in France are usually marked in part under 

 technical supervision, while in Austria, for example, they are 



*Bclaircie par le haut. 



