560 Forestry Quarterly. 



128,747. The value added by manufacture, v/hich is the differ- 

 ence between cost of materials and value of products, was $648,- 

 011,168. 



The number of wage-earners and the value added by manu- 

 facture are, on the whole, a better measure of the relative im- 

 portance of manufacturing industries than the gross value of pro- 

 ducts. In some industries the value of the materials used con- 

 stitutes by far the larger part of the total value of products, the 

 manufacturing process involving the addition of only a small 

 amount of labor cost and other expenses and of manufacturer's 

 profit to the cost of the materials. Moreover, in some of the in- 

 dustries there is a much greater duplication in the gross value 

 of products than in others, such duplication being due to the use 

 of the product of one establishment in the industry as material 

 for another establishment. This duplication, of course, does 

 not appear in the value added by manufacture. 



In average number of wage-earners, the first of the ten lead- 

 iing states was Louisiana with 46,072; then Washington 43,749; 

 Michigan 35,627 ; Wisconsin 34,093 ; North Carolint, 34,001 ; 

 Mississippi 33,397 ; Arkansas 32,932 ; Virginia 33,287 ; New York 

 27,471 ; and Pennsylvania 26,873. 



In value of products, the ranking order was : first, Washington 

 $89,154,825; New York, $72,529,813; Louisiana, $62,837,912; 

 Michigan, $61,513,560; Wisconsin, $57,969,170; Pennsylvania, 

 $57453.583; California, $45,000,276; and Minnesota, $42,352,507; 

 Illinois, $z^4,95 1 ,804 ; Mississippi, $42,792,844. 



In value added by manufacture, the first was Washington 

 $52,275,954; then Louisiana $39,681,716; Michigan $32,471,918; 

 Wisconsin $32,381,700; New York $30,824,722; Pennsylvania 

 $30,139,347; Mississippi $28,586,246; California $26,631,376; 

 Arkansas $26,340,660; and Virginia $21,962,911. 



Under Order 16,570 of the Board of Railway Commissioners 

 for Canada, issued under date of May 22, 1912, fire patrols 

 have been established covering the forested sections of British 

 Columbia, Alberta and Manitoba, along the lines of the Canadian 

 Pacific, Great Northern, Grand Trunk Pacific and Canadian 

 Northern Railways. The details of the patrols were worked out 

 in conference between Chief Fire Inspector Clyde Leavitt, the 



