6oo Forestry Quarterly. 



in color, and has a fine but usually twisted grain. It is especially 

 valuable for house posts, hardwood floors, window sills, rail- 

 way ties, bridge timbers, paving blocks, salt-water piling, carvings, 

 and many parts of shipbuilding. Trees of molave occur scattered 

 usually on the limestone coastal hills throughout the Philippines. 

 They generally have short, irregular boles, and this renders the 

 timber less valuable than it would otherwise be. It is in such 

 demand locally that little is now exported. 



Attention has already been called to ipil as a valuable wood 

 of the mahogany grade. Nevertheless, the demand for hard dur- 

 able timbers is so great that it is usually considered as one of the 

 best construction timbers, exposed to soil and weather. Like 

 molave, its principal uses are for house posts hardwood floors, 

 railway ties, paving blocks, and telegraph poles. 



Yacal has also been discussed elsewhere. Because of its abun- 

 dance, it is probably the only one of the hard durable timbers that 

 will find much of a place in the markets outside of the Philip- 

 pines. Prominence is given to the above-mentioned woods, not 

 because they are the only hard durable timbers the Islands contain, 

 but for the reason that they are the only ones in anything like 

 sufficient quantity to supply the demands of the trade. Other 

 principal timbers that resist well the attacks of fungi and white 

 ants are narra, tindalo, alee, banuyo, calantas, polo maria, man- 

 cono, dungon, aranga, banaba, anubing, bansalaguin, batitinan, 

 betis, the macaasims, pagatpat, supa, and agoho. 



Salt-water Piling 



There is a strong demand for woods that will resist even fairly 

 well the attacks of the shipworm (teredo), and few species are 

 able to meet the necessary requirements. The woods most com- 

 monly sought for such purposes are molave, dungon, aranga, betis, 

 liusin, and piagao. 



Molave is one of the best woods for this purpose. The chief 

 objection to it, however, is its irregular form, and the fact that 

 it is difficult to find piles of sufficient length to meet the demands. 

 Dungon has long been considered a valuable pile for salt water. 

 The wood is very hard and heavy, tough, chocolate-brown in 

 color, fine and cross grained, and difficult to saw. Besides piling, 

 it is used for a large number of purposes, the principal ones being 



