642 Forestry Quarterly. 



and frosts are the enemies. Even in the best situated location 

 (Okahandja) irrigation for at least the first two or three years is 

 necessary. 



In German East Africa conditions are only slightly better. The 

 forest area is estimated as covering 4% of the territory, say 

 15,000 square miles, most of which is brushforest of xerophytic 

 character composed of small deciduous trees. This condition pre- 

 vails over the entire south coast from Kilwa Kiwindje south to 

 Niassa Lake, and on the central high plateau from New Langen- 

 burg and Bismarckburg north to Victoria Lake. The species are 

 mostly Leguminosae without commercial value. 



The country may be divided into five zones : namely, ( i ) the 

 treeless strip along seashore, rising from the shore 700 m, about 

 80 km wide, with rarely more than 15mm rainfall; (2) the bush- 

 forest of Hereroland, rising to 1,500 m with 100-600 mm rainfall, 

 in which only rarely trees of size occur; (3) another low brush- 

 forest, Namaland, rising to the same altitude, but with less rain, 

 60-230 mm; (4) the park-like forest of the eastern portion, 

 Kalahari and Omaheke, with higher tree growth in the river 

 bottoms, up to 1,200-1,400 w elevation, with unknown rainfall 

 condition; and (5) the northern region, north of 20° lat., which 

 bears almost dense forest growth without thorn trees in contrast 

 to the other four zones, up to 1,000-1,400 m and with up to 1,000 

 mm rainfall. 



Pagge describes with more or less detail, giving characteristics 

 and use value, only species of the dry forest, namely six 

 Acacias, two Combretaceae, a Ficus, a Zizyphus, a Rhus, a Euclea 

 and a Tamarix. Only one and that a botanically unnamed species, 

 Tambuti, from the true forest country, possibly Ximenia ameri- 

 cana, is cited. 



The rainforest is, as stated, found on the east slopes of moun- 

 tains at 1500 to 5000 feet elevation, and is described by Baderman. 

 The forest here is composed of many evergreen broadleaf species 

 in two tiers, the upper story reaching up to 150 feet and more, 

 with diameters to 6 feet, the lower story 60 feet, with a dense 

 undergrowth of lianas, epiphytes, etc. Most of this forest has 

 been turned into farms or has been burned over, and has re- 

 produced mostly in xerophytic forms. Only small remnants 



