Forestry in German Colonies. 645 



part horticultural (cocoa palms, rubber trees), and only in small 

 part for forest purposes. 



The species most frequently used and successfully, are, besides 

 Teak, Chlorophora excelsa, Caya senegalensis, Cassia florida in 

 the valleys, and Eucalypts, Acacia, Cedar, Grevillea rohusta, Cam- 

 phor trees, Olives, etc., in the mountains. 



The South Sea Islands, are in part well wooded, and perhaps 

 the best wooded possessions of Germany, with mangroves at 

 the shore and dense rainforest in the interior mountains. Giant 

 Eucalypts, like Jarrah, Karri, and mahogany-like woods of Bar- 

 ringtonia and Cordia abound in Kaiser-Wilhelmland, and es- 

 pecially the highprized Cedrcla australis (which Jentsch curiously 

 and mistakenly calls a needle tree!) appears in real stands. 

 Afzelia bijuga, Inophyllum, and Calophyllum are other promis- 

 ing woods, but occur only sparingly. All these islands are still 

 largely unexplored and unexploited. 



There are some 35,000 acres planted with cocoa palms, some 

 2,800 acres of Ficus elastica, 1300 acres of Castilloa alba and 

 several hundred acres of Hevea brasiliensis, Prosopis juliflora, 

 Casuarina muricata. Plants are given away to private would-be 

 planters from the government nurseries. A personnel of four 

 German forest guards and 74 natives, 9 gardeners with 61 col- 

 ored assistants to carry on the work. 



In the small colony of Kiautschou (China), a persistent policy 

 of planting has been pursued from the start and effective work 

 has been done in changing an inhospitable sandwaste, hills and 

 slopes, into a green oasis, pleasant to look upon. 



These hills around Tsingtau had been absolutely denuded by 

 the Chinese and turned into desert, furrowed, eroded, without 

 vegetable cover. 



Immediately upon taking possession under a 99-year lease, in 

 1898, a nursery was established and plantations were begun 

 mostly with European species. Some 250 acres have been plant- 

 ed, after many failures due to climate, insects, and Chinese depre- 

 dations. Such depredations sometimes assumed wholesale dimen- 

 sions, 36 thieves being captured in one raid, in which specially 

 trained police dogs do good service. Fires have been reduced by 



