Periodical Literature. 735 



o=Failure, i. e. no cones, seed, fruit, or acorns of any kind were 

 observed. 



i=Insignificant crop, when cones, seed, and acorns are found 

 only on a few trees which grow by themselves. 



2r=Fair crop when cones, seed, etc., were found in small quan- 

 tities on trees growing in the open and on trees on the edge of the 

 forest. 



3=Good seed crop, when cones, seed, etc., were found in con- 

 siderable quantities on trees growing in the open as well as in 

 stands. 



4=:Full seed year, when cones, etc., were found in large quan- 

 tities on the majority of trees in medium and old-aged stands. 



On the basis of data gathered in this way, Schotte prepared 

 diagrams of seed production of Scotch pine, Norway spruce, birch, 

 oak, and beech which give a graphic picture of the seed crops of 

 these species in Sweden in 1909. For Scotch pine, there is given 

 besides a diagram of the crop of 2-year cones, also the crop of 

 I -year cones of the preceding year from which it is possible to 

 make very interesting deductions. 



A comparison of the abundance of seed of the different species 

 with the climatic conditions during the vegetation season shows 

 that the warm weather of the summer of 1908 was the cause of 

 abundant blooming in the spring of 1909. Thus from the reports 

 submitted by the Forest Supervisors regarding the flowering of 

 pine and Norway spruce, the following results were obtained : 



Blooming Average number of reports in per cent. 



Pine. Spruce. 



Without flowers, 5 per cent. 



Poor blooming, 43 per cent. 44 per cent. 



Medium blooming, 38 per cent. 37 per cent. 



Vigorous blooming, 19 per cent. 14 per cent. 



On account of unfavorable climate during the vegetative period 

 of 1909, the production of seed and cones was extremely un-uni- 

 form and on the whole poor. 



The cold and wet spring of 1909 probably made fertilization 

 difficult. During the cold summer of the same year the develop- 



