76 



Wool. 



Having stated the manufacturer's requirements 80 far, it 

 may now be desirable to give an outline sketch of wool 

 manufacturing processes, as such should at least interest those 

 who grow the raw materials, and may possibly lead to some 

 suggestions of importance to both farmer and manufacturer. 



1. Wool Scouring. — Wool is usually delivered to the manu- 

 facturer in a greasy state and must be cleansed before it 

 can be mechanicall}- treated. In some wool scouring machines 

 the wool is held and the scouring liquor forced through it ; 



Fig. 7. 



Four Qualities of Bradford "Tops." 



A.— H2's quality (Gill-box prepared). 

 B.— 44's quality (Gill-box prepared). 

 C. — 50's quality (Carder prepared). 

 D. — bO's quality (Carder prepared) 



Note.— The horizontal divisions equal 1 in., so that the longest fibres in A are 

 about i:i in. long. 



in others the liquor is practically stationary and the wool is 

 passed through it ; and finally, in machines of the best types, 

 the wool is immersed in the liquor, but is floated as well as 

 forked forwards. It may seem strange, but the greatest 

 difficulty in wool scouring is to get the wool out of the bowl. 

 This also is accomplished by floating it out with the scouring 

 liquor. Thus it will be evident that a modern scouring bowl 

 is a very scientifically constructed machine. When the 



