Re-inforced Concrete for Farm and Estate Purposes. 139 



also for farm buildings. At Burderop, the cowshed described 

 above replaced one com})osed very largely of timber, which 

 was liurnt to the ground, killing certain of the cows, which 

 could not he got out in time. Some of the standings, mangers, 

 itc, were of Mr. Hopkins' ferro-concrete construction, and 

 these were absolutely unaffected by the fire ; in fact, they were 

 incorporated in the present structure on re-building. 



For underground work this material is particularly well 

 suited. The moisture in the soil brings about the maximum 

 induration of the concrete, and the greater uniformity of the 

 temperature must minimise the danger of cracking, due io 

 expansion and contraction. For minor purposes, such as 

 troughs, cisterns, and the like, there is much scope for tlevelop- 

 ment, for all these things can be turned out most successfully on 

 the farm with a little gravel, some cement, and some fence wire, 

 anil they are practically everlasting. The same remark applies 

 also to the fencing described al)0ve, but on most agricultural 

 estates there is such a quantity of small timber, thinnings and 

 tops, which can only be worked up into fencing, that an extensive 

 use of concrete seems rather improbaljle. For gate-posts, large 

 and small, a considerable economy may be effected by the 

 substitution of ferro-concrete for oak. 



The writer desires to record his obligation to the gentlemen 

 named in this Report for their kindness in supplying the 

 information from which it has been compiled. His thanks are 

 also due to Mr. xllfred Brooks, of the Associated Portland 

 Cement Manufacturers (1900) Ltd., and to Mr. C. Winckworth 

 Allen, architect, for much assistance given throughout. 



C. S. Orwin. 



Estate Office, 

 l^anton, Wi-agby. 



