Gctoher 14, 1876. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTOBB AND COTTAGE QARDENEa, 



337 



most careleBB passers-by. It will grow in most places, but 

 reproduces itself in greatest abundance b.y the sides of railway 

 embankments where chalk abounds. — J. iioESON. 



WHEN TO PLANT PBUIT TREES. 



It is generally conceded that autumn is the best period for 

 the removal of trees and shrubs. I will not dispute that it is 

 60, but at the same time I am of opinion that trees may be 

 moved any month in the year if care is exercised and correct 

 treatment is subsequently afforded them. 



Early this spring, in consequence of alterations, it was found 

 necessary to remove some Peach and Nectarine trees which 

 had been planted seven years. These trees I removed on the 

 •28ih and 29th of April, and I have since gathered from them 

 an excellent crop of fruit. They were removed with great care 

 and planted against some spare places on a north wall. On 

 this aspect they have not only ripened their fruit, but it was 

 ready at the usual time. Malta Peach was gathered in the 

 middle of August, and Bellegarde the last week in Septem- 

 ber. I can only account for this early ripening on a north 

 aspect to the fruit having been set early and the regular atten- 

 tion the trees have received in syringing and watering them. 

 These trees will be removed to a south wall, but to have put 

 them there in the first instance would have ended probably in 

 their destruction. 



Shortly before moving the Peach trees I removed some pyra- 

 mid Pears of large size and full of fruit. These trees were 

 taken up and replanted with great care. Fresh soil was placed 

 round their roots, and the foliage was syringed several times 

 a-day for some time. These trees have perfected finer fruit 

 than ever they have borne before. I attribute success in these 

 instances to the care taken in not mutilating the roots or 

 safferiug them to become dry during the operation of removal, 

 to the fresh soil given them, and to the frequent syringings to 

 keep the foliage fresh. 



Thus it is that I believe that trees may be removed at any 

 period of the year if means are provided to attend to their 

 wants afterwards. These wants are reduced to a minimum in 

 the autumn, and hence it is that planting should be expedited 

 at the present time, and before the earth has become wet by 

 the rains of winter, sodden, and cold. If planting cannot be 

 done early in the autumn I think it well to wait until the 

 ground has become dry in spring. More depends on the state 

 of the soil as to its being in a free easy-working state, and the 

 attention thai, can be given to the trees, than to any mere date 

 at which it is best to transplant fruit trees and shrubs. — John 

 Taylor, Hardwiche Grange. 



CARNATIONS: LIST OF FOUR OP THE BEST 

 IN EACH CLASS. 



Scarlet Bizarres. — Admiral Curzon (Eaaom), Dreadnought 

 (Daniels), so much alike that I grow them as one sort; Sir 

 Joseph Pdxton (Ely), Lord Napier (Taylor), Mercury (Hextall). 



Crimson Bizarres. — Eccentric Jack (Wood), Captain Stott 

 (Jackson), Lord Eiglan (Bowers), Warrior (Slater). 



Purple Flakes.^^Sqmt6M.eynell (Brabbins), Juno (Baildon), 

 Premier (Millwood), Mayor of Nottingham (Taylor). 



Scarlet Flakes. — Clipper (Fletcher), beet; Sportsman (Hedder- 

 ley), John Bay ley (Dodwell), Mr. Battersby (Gibbons). 



Rose Flukes. — John Keet (Whitehead), James Merry weather 

 (Wood), Uuele Tom (Brammas), Flora's Garland (Brooks). 



Red Picotees. — Princess of Wales, H (Fellows) ; Brunette, h 

 (Kirtland) ; Mrs. Dodwell, H (Turner) ; John Smith, h (Bowers) ; 

 Wm. Summers, l (Simonite) ; Mrs. Bowers, l (Bowers) ; Mrs. 

 Keynes, m (Fellows) ; Thos. Jivens, i (Fiowdy). 



Purple Picotees. — Alliance, H (Fellows) ; Norfolk Beauty, H 

 (Fellows) ; Mrs. Summers, H (Simonite) ; Mrs. May, h. 

 (Turner); Mwy, l (Simouite) ; Ann Lord, l (Lord); Mrs. 

 Hannaford, L (Simouite) ; Amy Robsart, l (Dodwell). 



Rose Picotees. — Mrs. Lord, h, rose (Lord) ; Edith Dom- 

 brain.H (Turner); Rsv. H. Matthews, h (Kirtland); Flower of 

 the Day, h (Norman) ; Empress Eugouie, l (Kirtland) ; Beauty 

 of Plumstead, L (Norman) ; Cynthia, l (Lord) ; Berthas, L 

 (Morris). 



Many of the foregoing were shown well at the National Show 

 at Manchester. With regard to a suggestion of the Carnation 

 Show being held on the 13 th and 14th of Suptember, it must 

 be a mistake, as all bloom is over with us before that time. 

 The National Show was held on the 13th and 1-lth of August. 

 Next year it will bo held on the 11th of August. The general 



meeting to arrange the schedules for all the national shows 

 will be on the third Wednesday in January next, at 1 p.m., at 

 the Old Biill's Head, Market Place, Manchester, when I as one 

 of the Committee, and I have no doubt all the others, would 

 join in welcoming any of the southern growers who might be 

 able to attend. As to fixing a time suitable for north and 

 south that U impossible, but there is nothing to hinder U3 

 from having a number of shows every year under the one head 

 (National). I have had some correspondence with growers in 

 other districts who are in favour of holding a show (national) 

 to come off about the SOth of August, which would be a means 

 of giving the late districts a chance. The more extended a 

 national society is the better it is, as it will always prevent the 

 market from being flooded with indifferent varieties. 



We always show the blooms on cards, and have done so for 

 the last thirty years. The cards generally used are 3 J iochea 

 in diameter. Most of the growers procure them from Geo. Meek, 

 Crane Court, Fleet Street, London. If a flower is small wo 

 use a smaller collar in proportion. We are, however, having 

 sorts now for which the S^-inch collar is none too large. 



A few words with regard to dressing. This has always been 

 done ever since I knew anything of Carnations, &o., and it 

 there are any who can grow them well but not dress, I say the 

 sooner they learn the better. All the old growers that I know 

 make no secret of it, but are willing to show anyone. After 

 the National Show, and at the general meetiug which took 

 place, a flower was taken and dressed before all present by one 

 of the best dressers in England (E. S. Dodwell, Esq ) ; at least 

 I have always taken him to be such. — Geo. Rued, Undercliffe, 

 Bradford. 



A VOICE FROM A TOWN GARDEN. 



Amongst the many enemies I have to contend with the 

 most formidable are smoke, sparrows, caterpillars, and an 

 exposed situation. My last sowing of Peas has failed entirely 

 through these feathered depredators ; and whole rows of fine 

 Cabbages are fairly riddled by a perfect army of caterpillars. 

 Then the smoke is everywhere, and how to fill up profitably 

 a few vacant spaces in the garden and on the walls is an 

 enigma too hard for me to solve. Will someone kindly come 

 to my assistance ? 



I have somewhere read that where Black Currants flourish 

 Raspberries will do so likewise ; but I have not found this to 

 be the ease. I have, perhaps, half a dozen Kaepberry canes, 

 from which I have sometimes gathered about as many Rasp- 

 berries. It has been suggested that they are too far apart, 

 but would that make any difference? If so, I will at once 

 proceed to fill up the spaces, and should be glad to know 

 what are the best sorts. Red Currants bear here, but not bo 

 abundantly as the Black, and are small and not very juicy. 

 Gooseberries I can do nothing with. I have one Walnut tree 

 which has sometimes borne a few hundreds, but from the 

 Filbert bushes I have never had a single nut. Apples do no 

 good, though one or two old trees bear a few most years, 

 Northern Greening and Keswick Codlin for instance ; but these 

 are gradually dying down, and the few youug trees I have 

 planted are infested with American blight every season. 



With Pears I am more fortunate. A standard Jargonelle 

 has borne plentifully this year, having before always failed, 

 though a free bloomer, from late frosts, being in an exposed 

 situation. Of Pears against a west wall I have a tolerable 

 selection. One, Knight's Monarch, bore well last year for the 

 first time, though twelve years old ; but this spiing it was 

 attacked with a grub — which indeed attacks all the fruit trees 

 more or less — every leaf and bud was eaten away, and the tree is 

 now dead. I should like to replace it, and what sort would be 

 best to have? The trunk of this tree, and the trunks of most 

 of the others, looks rough and cracked, and our gardener says it 

 is a bad sign, and shows that all are in a bad way. The sorts I . 

 already have are Beurre Diel, which has never borne; Beurrc 

 deCapiaumont ; BeurredeRauce, never borne; Louise Bonne of 

 Jersey, Napoleon, Williams's Bon Chretien, and Glou Morceau, 

 never borne. One of these, a small tree that makes but little 

 growth, bears well most years. The fruit is ripe now, but having 

 lost the label I cannot tell which it is. It has a fine ruddy 

 colour on the side next the sun, pale yellow when lipe on the 

 other; fruit rather long, tapering towards the stem, and not 

 very large. Does this description point to Louise Bonne of 

 Jersey, which I rather think it is ? 



From Pears to Roses is a wide step, but I have one — a Tea- 

 scented, I think Gloire de Dijon — which after making little 



