December 16, 1876. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



545 



Barnslev. he, J. A. Malher, S. YouDg, T. Goligbtly, D Uarley (2). Hem.— 

 lands, J. A. Ma her. 2, L>. Harley. 



SPAN'fcH.— CofAcrc/a.— 1 and Cni>, W. HiiKhfion. 2. R. Rarr, Barnfoot. vhe, F- 

 Souitrvillf. lie, h. barr, — Mnrrav. e, D. MBeath. J'uUftrt. 1 and (up, E. 

 SnmervillP, Edmljurgb. 2 and c, K, Barr. 8, Mrs. UuuldBWurth, CoItueaB^ 

 Wishaw he. J. Norvn 



Spanish.— C'ocJta.—l.T.Nicol, Alloa. 2, R. Barr. S.R.Wauph. c, W. Paterson. 

 flfjitf— land 2 R. bomerviile. 8, J. Norval. he, A. Gray, Mrs. flould&wurih. 

 C, J. Ri'iraih i2) 



Hauburoiis.— Gold 0} Silver-spavgled.— Cocks— \ and Cop, J. Merten, Chop- 

 pini?ton. 2, B. Stamwurth. 3 W. II. Park, he, J. M. Campbell, W.R.Park. 

 J.Stottara(2), J. RulnnEon. Hens.-l and Cup. A. BeHh. Batbgatpp. 2, J. M. 

 CanipbeM, Bonny Kelly. 8. A. Glen, he, J. M. Campbell, W. K. Park (2), D. 

 M'Lauchlan. J. Stulttird (2t, J. Bobinson. 



HiMBUHOHa.— fJoW or Silver pfncilled.—Coek«.~l, A. Glen, Paisley. 2. D. 

 Cbcyne, Morpeth. S, W. Lintoo. he, C. R. Brown, W. R. Park, J. Muttard. 

 c, W. hpeakoian. Urns —1, \V. K. Park. 2, J. Stuttard, Hajjgort Gate, Colne. 

 3. D. Chtyne. he, S. Lifjan. .1. Allan. A Pratt, J. Taylor. 



Game Bantams.— B/«':)c orBroirn Jied.—Coeks —1. R Brownlie. 2, A. Walker. 

 8, J. Anderson, he, W. Robertson, jun., W. Ferguson, W. Hastie. Hens.— 



1, J. R. Fletcher. 2, K. Adam, Blair Adam. 3, J. Anderson, he, U. Brownlie, 

 H. L. Home. 



Game Bantams.— ^nj/ other varietv.- Cocks.— 1 and Cup, R. Brownlie, Kirk- 

 caldy. 2, J. h". Fletcher. 3. A. Killgour. hem— I, R. Brownlie. 2, D. 

 M'BouRhie. 3, A. A( derson. he, J. R Fletcher, e, W. Robertson, jnn. 



Bantams.- Jny other variety.— Cocks.—i, R. H. Ashton, Muttram. 2. W. 

 Sbaw. band 'x.-.A Robertson. Hfn* —1, A. Robertson, Kilmarnock. 2, R. H. 

 Aehton. 8, J. Dallat. he. J. D. Donald, c, C. Gray. 



Any uthkr lUbTiNCT BKEED.-('0(t«.— 1, R. Parsons (Poland) 2, W. R. Park 

 (Silver holund). 3. M. Toid (Houdan). he, W. Gibb (Poland), W R. Park 

 (Cr.Vf-CaeurK J. Tavlor (Folaud). c, J. Allan (Crt've-Co^ur). /Jf7i.i. — 1, T. 

 Fnliarton, I oamep, Troon (CreveCcEur). 2, W. Gibb (Poland). 8. W. R. Park 

 (Silver Poland), he. J. B. Brown (Creve-CcBurs and Houdan), W. Gibb (Poland), 

 R. Parsons (I'olands) 



D' CKa.—Aylcfihury.—l and Cup, J. Walker. 2, W. Wallace. 3, R. Naismith 

 hr. Lord Polwaitb. novn — 1. J. Walk.r. 2. W. Weir, 8, O.Hmdie. c. J A. 

 Mather D. C. Prnudfndt. D. Hardie. Any other distinct breed.— \ and 3. W. 

 Shaw, Ki'marnuck (Mandarin and Carolina). 2, Mrs. Pettigrew (Canadian). 

 he, J. WalkurCJ), A. Bowie, 



Seliino CLAts— Coffcs.— 1, J. Wyse (Cochin-China). 2. J. Anderson, Blair 

 Gowiie (Do>kitic). 8, J. Shields {Scotch Grey), he, J. Crombie, J Fert:ue< n. 

 J. Wibe (Cochin-China). c.J. M'Nnb (Coloured Dorking). J. Younp (Brahmasl. 

 Hens.— 1. W. W^ir. 2, J. TnrnbuU (D^-rkiuc). 3. J. Wyf,e (Cochin-China). he, A. 

 Robert son. J. Wjse. e, S Logan, J. M* Alpine, Miss M. Morn son. 



Turkeys — Cocfes.— 1. D Annan. 2, J. Anderson, 3, W. H. LiddeJI. he, Mrs. 

 Cathciir', J. Walker, D. Hatdy. e, .1. Allan, J. Curror Hens.—l, J. Walker. 



2, Mrs- Hou'daworth. 8, J. Curror. he, Mrs. Cathcart, D. Hardie. c, J. Allan. 

 Geese.— 1 and Cop, J. Walker. 2 and 8, D. Hardy, he, J. Anderson, R. 



Carmichael (2). c, J. Allan (2). 



GUILDFORD SHOW OF POULTRY, &c. 



This was held in the White Horse Hotel Auction Mart on the 

 13th and 14th inet. The awards are as follows : — 



Dorkings.— Coloured and Silver —}, J Taylor, Dorkinji. 2,0 E. Cresswel, 

 Early Wood, Bagbbot 3, .1. Ivery & Son, Dorkicfj. Chirten*.— Cap, 0. Iver 

 an<i Son. 2, J. 'l avior. 8, Viecount Tumour, Shillinglee Park. 



DovKiso^.— White —\ and 2, O. E. CresBwell. he, J. H. Putney, Do'king ; 

 G. Cubit', DorkioR. Blue.—l and 8, W. Virgo & Son, Wonersh, 2, .1. H . Putney. 

 he, K. Gamon, Westcott ; J. Wood, Westcott. e, W. Messenger, Wonersh. 



C<icniNS.— 1, J. Buckmabter, Farnborough. 2, 0. E. CresswelJ. 8, Mrs. Scott, 

 Alton. 



BitAHMAa.— Darfc.— 1, Mrs. Radclyffe, Hyde, Wareham. 2 and 3. O E. Cress- 

 well. Light —I, S, and c, J. Bradehaw, Cranleigh. 2 and he. Rev. W. Pearce, 

 West Horsley. 



Spanish.— 1, P. RofFey, Betchworth. 2, J. H. Webber, he. W. Balchin. 



Game.— Cuu and 3, R. Oaborn. 2 and he, Rev. J. Merriman. c. E- Haines. 



Hhuoans or Creve-Ccedr".— I, Rev. G. Chi ton. 2. Hev. W. Peaice. 



Bambuhohs —I aud 2, O. E. Cresswell. he, Mrs. Scott. 



Ba^tam-j.- (Jamc — 1, Rev. G Chilton, Littleton. 2, T. W. Anna, Clapham. 

 he. Mfsarti. Randall & .-'on. c. J. Bradshaw, Cranleigh ; W. Balchin, Farnham. 

 Any other variety —\ and 2. O. E. Cresswell. Bagphoc, 



hvcKs.— Aylesbury or Bouen—1, Mrs. Radclyffe. Hyde. 2 and 8. Rev. W. 

 Pea-ce, Weat Horsley. he, O. E. Cresswell. AJiy other variety.— I, T. Drewitt 

 and s n Guildford. 2, O. E. Cresswell. he. Rev. G. Chilton, o. E. CreBswell, 

 W Gosden. 



Gee-»e.—1,W. Messenger, Wonersh, 2, Mrs.Radclvffe. 3, T. Baker. Goslings. 

 —1. T. Land, Tying. 2, E. Hilder. Woking. 8, W. Messenger. 



Turkeys. —1, G. K. Langf'»rd, Lockner, 2, Rev. N. J. Ridley. Newburv. 8, 

 Mrh'. M. Marshall. Godsimmg. Poults.— 1, F. Warde, Maidbtune. 2, Mrs. Rad- 

 clj'fF''. 3, Countess of Lovelace. 



Pigeons.— Currif'ra —Prize, A. T. Skinner. Guildford. Fantails —Prize, O. E. 

 Creas well. Any other variety.— Frize, J. R. Capron, Guildford, he and c, O. E. 

 Cresswell. 



Judge.— Mr. J. Baily, Mount Street, London. 



PROTECTING AND FEEDING BEES IN 

 WINTER AND EARLY SPRING. 



It seems likely enough that we are going to have a winter of 

 more than ordinary severity and of some duration, if we may 

 judge from the gradual way it has been coming on and the 

 steady increase of the cold. Bee-keepers, therefore, should be 

 on the alert, and do what they can to guard against disaster 

 and consequent loss from whatever cause. 



Foremost to all persons whose stocks are well supplied with 

 food ia the due protection of them from excessive cold. Cover 

 them over with any warm material that is to be had ; straw is 

 best for the bell-shaped hive. Make the hackles as thick as 

 possible, and tighten the straws together with hoops of iron or 

 wire, so as to shoot- off all rain and melting snow. As for dry 

 snow it is about the best natural protection the hives can have, 

 and is as good as a warm nightcap to them. My bees being all 

 in boxes I have had square or oblong caps of old thick drugget 

 made to slip over them. These I make to fit close to the bivt-s 

 hy tying ihem round with string. Take care at the same time 

 to keep the entrances open, but narrow them as much as you 

 can, taking care to allow at least two bees to pass out abreast, and 

 ever and anon as soon as milder weather comes open them wide 



and clear away all dead bees you can reach on the floorboard 

 inside with the help of a bit of curved iron wire. 



Next cirefaliy watch the decreasing weight of your hives, and 

 give the beea a little warm liquid food immediately on the return 

 of warm open weather whenever, especially after a week's frost, 

 they begin to fly abroad. Thore persons who fed late before 

 this frost began will find the hives thus fed in better health as 

 a rule, and leas liable to die of starvation, than stocks which are 

 very strong in food but which have not been lately fed. The 

 explanation is simple enough. In the former case the combs in 

 the centre of the hive are well filled with their recent supplies ; 

 in the latter the bees in many cases will have devoured their 

 stores at the centre where they are huddled together, and 

 will often perish there of starvation from the impossibility 

 of their bringing in enough food from their distant stores owing 

 to the cold. This is oftentimes the secret of so many hives in 

 spring being found to have perished, although there was plenty 

 of sealed honeycomb in them. It will not be found amiss in 

 such circumstances — I mean where there is any doubt on the 

 point — to bring the hives in before a warm kitchen fire to pass 

 the night in the warmer temperature. The entrance hole, of 

 course, must be stopped, but ventilation given by means of per- 

 forated zinc plates or blocks. The grateful humming of the 

 bees within will tell of the good work going on there. In a few 

 hours they will have carried away into their nearer cells many 

 pounds of that which ia to them the staff of life. This may be 

 done at any time in the coldest weather. 



Besides this, we earnestly advise all stocks to receive a pound 

 or two of honey or sugar syrup immediately on the first return 

 of mild weather. Be ready with your food prepared for all such 

 emergencies. We must have rich honey seasons coming. Is it 

 not well to be always in readiness for them ? — B. <t W. 



BAR FRAMES. 



The question put by " Zenas " ia now occupying the attention 

 of many bee-keepers and hive-makers in England — viz., *' the 

 placing of bars so as to prevent their being glued together by 

 the bees." If so glued together, as is often the case, their 



Fig. 113. 



removal is somewhat provoking to the bees and dangerous to 

 the bee-master. Many efforts have been made of late, and many 

 are still being made, to prevent the bees from cementing the 

 bars to the hive and making them easy of removal. Some of 

 the efforts made have resulted in improvements. The making 

 of bar-frames has been simplified, their price lessened, and 

 their removal made more easy. The following sketch (fig. 113) 

 of two bars laid across the top of a hive, will enable " Zenas " to 

 form a pretty accurate idea of what we deem the best, most 

 simple, and easily handled frames yet invented. The bars pro- 

 ject beyond the hives half an inch, and the crown lid should 

 project a little beyond the ends of the bars. The projections of 

 the bars as seen on the sides of the hive (back and front), keep 

 the combs half an inch asunder, which is about the proper dis- 

 tance. 



" Zenas " puts anotherquesticn in these words, " Are hives on 

 the moveable-comb principle intended for storifying or for drain- 



