Lincolnshire Red Shorthorns. 315 



the south or east sitle. The staircase in this plan starts from a 

 lobby inside the l)acJv door, and the E.G. is shown under 

 the main roof. 



Plans of a groiap of four cottages suitable for south, south- 

 east or south-west aspects are shown in Fig. 5. The provision 

 of a parlour instead of a separate scullery will generally neces- 

 sitate a rather greater frontage, and in this case, in order tf) 

 avoid too great a length, and to give more interest to the 

 elevations, the end cottages are projected forward and ]>lanned 

 differently from the middle pair. The elevations are drawn for 

 slate roofing. The accommodation shown is similar to that 

 provided in the other plans, and need not further be described. 



C. WiNCKWORTH Allen. 



1 PeterVjorough Road, 



Harrow on the Hill. 



LINCOLNSHIRE RED SHORTHORNS. 



The early history of the Lincoln Reds, to give the Lincoln- 

 shire Red Shorthorns their popular name, is somewhat obscure, 

 but there seems to be little doubt that the local stock, what- 

 ever its type, was largely mixed at one time with Dutch Cattle. 

 Indeed, it may be that this part of England was first stocked 

 by immigrants from Jutland, Holstein, and Friesland. Gervaise 

 Markham, in giving advice as to the choice of '-a fair bull," says 

 that the best of the English cattle were bred in Yorkshire, Derby- 

 shire, Lancashire, Staffordshire, Lincolnshire, Gloucestershire, 

 and Somersetshire ; those bred in the first four counties 

 being generally black in colour, while those bred in Lincoln- 

 shire were for the most part "pyde," with more white than 

 the other colours. Their horns, too, he said, were " little and 

 crooked, of bodies exceeding tall, long and large, lean and thin 

 thighed, sti'oug hoved, not apt to sorbate, and are indeed fitted 

 to labour and draught." ' George Culley also has something to say 

 of the Lincolnshire cattle. Prefacing his remarks by a statement 

 that " the Shorthorned or Dutch kind was without doubt 

 imported from the Continent, because they were in many 

 places still called the Dutch breed of cattle, and because they 

 were to be found chiefly along the Eastern coast, facing that 

 part of the Continent where the cattle was still bred," he con- 

 tinues^:" In Lincolnshire, which is the furthest South that one 

 meets with any number of this breed of cattle, they are, in 

 general more subject to Iyer or black flesh than those bred 



• Gervaise Markham : A Way to get Wealth, 1695. 

 ^ Ohserrationa on Live Stork, 1785. 



VOL. 7.-, C 



