Lincolnshire Red Shorthorns. 35 



stock. Foremost among them was Thomas Tuniell, of Reasby, 

 between Lincoln and Wragby. Starting with some stock from 

 the Darlington district, and working them on to the local 

 cattle, he produced by the method of selection a much improved 

 type, finer in the horn, cleaner in the bone, shorter on the leg, 

 and with a capacity for producing a wealth of lean meat much 

 more quickly than the foundation stock. Arthur Young wrote 

 of his stock :^" Mr. Turnell has a breed of cattle which are not 

 surpassed by any in the county for points highly valuable, or 

 their disposition at any age to fatten rapidly. His bull covers 

 at a guinea, and has many cows sent to him. The breed 

 originally came from the neighbourhood of Darlington."' Other 

 breeders in the county resorted even more to the improved 

 Durhams, and by repeated out-crosses they performed their part 

 in the production of an improved Lincoln, with a greater 

 disposition than before to put on fat as well as lean, and to do 

 both more quickly. The greatest improvement of all seems 

 to have been accomplished by the crossing of Turnell cattle 

 with Colling bulls. Looking at the origin of the Turnell strain, 

 this amounted to an in-cross, which no doubt explains its 

 success; and it was the dissemination of this blood throughout 

 the county which began to stamp the cattle of Lincolnshire 

 with the rich cherry-red which has made them so distinctive, 

 and laid the foundation of the modern Lincoln Shorthorn. 



All the old established herds in the county acknow- 

 ledged the influence of the " Turnell Reds." They were 

 of a rich deep red in colour, and, though slightly smaller 

 than the general type, had wonderful fattening powers, and 

 were noted for their superiority in producing the primest 

 joints of meat. Of the most noted breeders in the county that 

 acknowledged their indebtedness to the " Turnell Reds," par- 

 ticular mention should be made of Mr. Coulam of Withern, 

 Mr. Baumber, of Somersby, Mr. Oliver, of Eresby, and 

 Mr. Cart Wright, of Tathwell. • 



The " Turnell Reds " were also introduced into the south 

 of the county by Lord Willoughby de Eresby, and Mr. 

 Redmile, of Dyke, who l)0ught cattle from Mr. Oliver, of 

 Eresby. All these herds had been dispei'sed before 1850. 

 Following them the Messrs. Chatterton, of Stenigot, stand out 

 conspicuously amongst breeders of Lincoln Reds for their 

 efforts to continue the improvement of their herd. They were 

 especially successful with two out-crosses which they took 

 in sending Alcania, a famous cow of Mr. Coulam's breeding, 

 to JiOrd Exeter's Cambridge Duke F., and another of their best 

 cows later on to Mr. Deane Willis' Windsor Benedict. Cam- 

 bridge Duke V. was a bull who combined the Duchess and Red 

 Rose blood, and the result of the union with Alcama was the 



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