Management of Cattle. 49 



kept on little over half an acre. We therefore debit the account 

 with 7/., as the value of half an acre of turnips consumed upon 

 the place, leaving of the above balance 60/., or 10/. per acre, for 

 Italian rye-grass. The grass would have done more, had the 

 season not been an exceptional one. It was top-dressed with a 

 mixture of Peruvian guano and nitrate of soda in the beginning 

 of April, at a cost of rather more than 1/, per acre. It afforded 

 three cuttings, and after the two first received a good watering 

 from the liquid-manure tanks with the water-cart. The farm- 

 horses were all kept in yards during the summer, fed with grass 

 supplied from another field, and in the latter part of August and 

 September with tares. The urine from the above stock did not 

 suffice for the liquid-manuring of the 6-acre field, which also 

 received that which remained in the tanks from the winter-fed 

 stock. The yards are all Avell supplied with water, and, in order 

 to economise straw, we only litter the covered portions with it 

 and the outrake with saAvdust. It is hardly necessary, nor would 

 it be easy, to state the cost of attendance on the above lot of 

 cattle, as one man cut the grass and tares for both horses and 

 cattle and attended on the latter as Avell as the other grazino- 

 stock on the farm. The value of manure made from feeding in 

 the house I estimate at more than an equivalent for the expense 

 in top-dressing, labour in cutting grass, cartage, and attendance. 

 Since the middle of October, too, the keeping ewes have fre- 

 quently had a run over the field cut for soiling, thereby also 

 contributing to profit or the lessening of expense. 



Lot 2. — Twelve half-bred heifers, 2 years old (crosses between 

 the West Highland Kyloe and Shorthorn bull), were turned out 

 to graze on a 9-acre field of rich old grass on the 12th of May. 

 They came into the folds for a few nights when first turned out. 

 They were valued at the same time and by the some persons as 

 Lot 1 at 16/. each. They received in every respect the same 

 quantity and quality of supplementary food as Lot 1. They 

 were also put upon turnips at the same date, and with the same 

 accommodation in boxes 9 feet square. 



£. s. d. £. s. d. 

 This lot realised at the sale 293i'., or deducting) ^^ 



3'/. per poimd discount ) *' " -oJ b J 



It is debited with cost price 192 



5 lbs. meal per day each, from 12th May to) or> i^- o, 



17th November ^ oo lo 



2 lbs. oilcake per day each, from loth August! ta r r, 



to 17th November \ ■^'-' '' ^ 



23n 



53 6 9 



a balance of 5/. 3.?. per acre for rent of grass field, besides 7/, 

 VOL. IT. — S. S. E 



