408 Oil A(/ricultural Statistics 



Arthur Young in his ' Eastern and Northern Tours ' has given 

 two estimates of the number and value of the different descri])- 

 tions of stock in England, which differ widely in their results ; 

 but in the second part of his 'Political Arithmetic' (p. 28) he 

 gives an average of his two former statements as an estimate of 

 the stock of England in 1779. Mr. McCulloch, in his 'Sta- 

 tistical Account of the British Empire' (Edition of 1847, vol. i. 

 p. 499), quotes Young's latter estimate, which he says "is pro- 

 bably nearer the truth than either of the separate estimates on 

 Avhich it is bottomed, though even it can be regarded only as a 

 very rude approximation": — 



Cows 1,039,754 



Fatting beasts 758,425 



Young cattle 1,571,308 



Total 3,369,487 



Add McCuUocli's estimate for oxeu employed in hus-) -. -^ ^^^^ 

 bandry at the same period ) ' 



Estimated total stock of cattle in England and Wales in) f> rm aq- 



1779 ( o,519,4b< 



Estimated increase since 1779 1,000,000 



4,519,487 

 Add for Scotland the number of cattle as given in tbe] 

 General lleport of Scotland , 



'I 1,100,000 



Total stock of cattle in Great Britain according; to) r p-io 107 



McCuUocli (1847) ., - __ | t),bij,4b< 



Horned cattle in Ireland (Census of 1841) 1,863,116 



Total in United Kingdom 7,482,603 



So that in round numbers we may take the horned stock of the 

 whole of the United Kingdom, as estimated above, to have been 

 in 1847 about 7,500,000. 



At the same date McCulloch estimates the sheep and 

 lambs in 



England and Wales at 26,148,463 



Scotland .. .. 3,500,000 



Ireland (1841) 2,106,189 



United Kingdom 31,754,652 



Or, in round numbers, the total number of sheep in the whole of the 

 United Kingdom in 1847 may be taken as 32,000,000. Some 

 French authors* have credited us with a much larger number 

 of the ovine race. M. Ternaux, a celebrated breeder and flock- 

 master, reckoned us to possess 45,000,000 sheep, while another 

 authority rated us still higher, as possessing 55,000,000, France 

 having only 30,000,000. 



* Paper by Earl Lovelace ' On Freucli Agriculture,' in Statistical Society's 

 Journal, vol. ii. p. 311. 



