306 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 9 



periods of drought or fogs the moths are difficult to capture. Besides 

 the eight large lights, twenty-four small light traps were installed by- 

 individual farmers. These small lights captured about one thousand 

 moths during a favorable night. The total number of moths captured 

 reached the phenomenal figure of 1,000,000 during the season of 1914 

 at a cost not exceeding twenty-five cents a thousand. 



Many entomologists consider this method impractical, claiming 

 that the females are captured after having deposited their eggs and 

 that oviposition occurs immediately after the issuance of the moth. 

 There is no doubt that the traps yield more males than females and 

 that a large portion of females have already oviposited but the writer 

 does not believe that the eggs are deposited immediately after the 

 emergence. Copulation usually takes place very shortly after the 

 appearance of the moths and the writer believes that several days may 

 elapse after the moths appear before all of the eggs are laid. Mr. J. E. 

 Graf, of the Bureau of Entomology, examined last year many captured 

 moths and found that about 22 per cent were gravid females. 



To sum up, the writer's experience shows that the treatment herein 

 mentioned is worth the slight expense and although it cannot entirely 

 control the cutworm plague it has extensively contributed to that end. 



PARASITISM AMONG THE LARV^ OF THE MEDITERRANEAN 

 FRUIT-FLY (C. CAPITATA) IN HAWAII DURING 1915 



By E. A. Back and C. E. Pemberton, Bureau of Entomology 



Entomologists interested in the control of insect pests by natural 

 agencies are already aware of the most excellent results obtained in 

 the Hawaiian Islands from the introduction of parasites of the sugar 

 cane leaf hopper {Perkinsiella saccharicida) and of the sugar cane borer 

 (Rhahdocnemis ohscurus). They will therefore follow with unusual 

 interest the progress made by the parasites of the Mediterranean 

 fruit-fly {Ceratitis capitaia) introduced by Messrs. F. Silvestri, D. T. 

 Fullaway and J. C. Bridwell from Africa and Austraha under the 

 auspices of the Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry. 



The Mediterranean fruit-fly, since its introduction at Honolulu 

 from Australia about 1910, has spread to all the important islands of 

 the Hawaiian group, and, because of the great variety of its host 

 fruits, an equitable climate, and peculiar physical conditions of the 

 country, has not only seriously checked the horticultural develop- 

 ment of the Islands, but has succeeded in withstanding all attempts 

 directed at its control by artificial measures. 



