10 Jan., 1917.] The Summer Bud, etc., of the Vine. 



49 



The remaining three cuts will be readily understood on reference to B 

 (Fig. 6). It will be noted that cut No. 4 is continued for about a third of 

 an inch, after functioning with Ko. 3, so as to provide a sort of flap, 

 under which tlie sharply bevelled apex or toe of the scion can be pushed 

 whilst the heel is made to fit neatly in the niche or cavity prepared for 

 it. The scion-bud, definitely placed in positio^i, is shown in C (Fig. 6). 

 A fifth cut can usually be made with advantage at c (Fig. 6), slightly 

 shorteniug the flap which covers the toe of the scion-bud. This very 

 small cut is made obliquely, but in reverse sense to that which com- 

 pleted the scion-bud c (Fig. 5), and in such a way that the section 

 of the cambium layer which it exposes is as near as possible to tliat 

 made by the third cut in the lifting of the scion c (Fig. 5). Though 



A B C D 



Fig. 6. — The Rutherglen method. 



A and B shows tlu.' four outs which pruparu tlie incision in the stock; C, scion 

 bud placed in position; D, method of tying. 



these two cambium sections are not in absolute contact (as all the others 

 should be), only a very small interval separates them. They are close 

 enough for this small gap to be easily bridged over by callus, the forma- 

 tion of which is remarkably active under the very suitable conditions of 

 warmth, moisture, and aeration prevailing in the interior of the mound. 

 The scion bud should be of such a size that the cambium sections of 

 stock and scion coincide in the greatest measure possible. The more com- 

 pletely this condition is realized, the better the chance of the graft tak- 

 ing. On no account should the scion be too large — overlapping is fatal 

 to success, the rapid formation of callus tending to lift the scion-bud 

 out of its proper position. If any departure from an accurate lit is 



