10 May, 1917.] 



Apple Culture in Victoria. 



279 



dark sandy loam, and owing to its tliorougii system of sub-drainage, 

 good cultivation, and the regular incorporation in it of a lilieral supply 

 of stable manure, which best suits this class of soil, it becomes a con- 

 genial home, enabling the Jonathan lo produce highly remunerative 

 crops. 



From the above a fairly clear inference may be drawn of the advan- 

 tages to be derived from the practice of Summer pruning and the limited 

 conditions under which it is advocated Therefore, it will be realized 



Plate 78. — Same tree as in Plate 77 after thinning-out. 



that if the cardinal principles, governing the practice of Summer prun- 

 ing, particularly those relating to the time of the operation, the quan- 

 tity, nature, and substance of the wood to be removed, are not thor- 

 ouglily understood, and the operation scientifically executed, incalcul- 

 able damage may be done to the tree rather than that the desired advan- 

 tages will accrue. 



The next two illustrations are of Jonathan trees growing on good 

 soil, but they are rather small and weak, owing to the area on which 

 they were planted lacking perfect drainage, though it wag kept well 



