■■^92 Journal of Agriculture, Victoria. [10 Oct.. 1917. 



' corrugated iron. These plants, fully equipised with three hand power 

 peelers, a hand slicer, a bleacher, and two furnaces for burning hard 

 •coal, cost 1,450 dol. each. Similar buildings constructed of wood and 

 lined with asbestos sheathing throughout the furnace rooms, cost 

 1,250 dol. each. A four-kiln plant built of concrete blocks, mth 20 x 20- 

 foot kilns, with power parers, elevator, bleacher, and slicer, cost 2,360 

 dol. for building and 625 dol. for equipment with power machinery and 

 furnaces, while a wooden building, lined with asbestos, of the same 

 dimensions, and built from the same plans, cost 1,983 dol. for the 

 building. The owner estimated that the additional cost of insurance, 

 painting, and repairs will in seven to ten years make the wooden biiild- 

 ings cost fully as much as the concrete structures, with a rate of depre- 

 ciation very materially greater. 



The plans which follow are t!he best ol)tainable after close study of 

 various types of construction. They are intended to serve as suggestions, 

 which may be modified to suit the needs of the individual builder. 

 Thus the two-kiln plant can be readily expanded into a three-kiln plant, 

 that having four kilns into one having five or six. The plans contem- 

 plate the use of some source of power for running parers, bleachers, and 

 slieers, but those who prefer to employ hand-power machinery will find 

 some suggestions on a later page, and can easily modify the plans here 

 given to meet their needs. The writer wishes to strongly insist, however, 

 that no more serious mistake than the installation of hand-power 

 machiijes in his plant could very well be made by any one .starting into 

 evaporation as a business. The labour of turning the hand-driven parer 

 is considerable, the women operators become fatigued, and a smaller out- 

 put per machine of poorly pared, imperfectly cored fruit, requiring 

 moi-e work at the hands of the trimmers, is tbe result. The task of 

 slicing the fruit with the best hand-driven slicer available is a laborious 

 and time-consuminig one. Moreover, the daily transfer by hand of 200 

 bushels of fruit from paring table to bleacher, and from bleacher to 

 slicer, with a olinib to the second floor with each load included, is a task 

 which few able-bodied men will care to continue day after day. A 

 gasoline engine such as is everywhere used for spraying will eliminate 

 this hand labour; the cost of hand and power-driven machines is prac- 

 tically equal, while the saving in wages in two seasons will pay for the 

 shafting, belting, and labour necessary to construct conveyors. 



It is assumed that where power is employed, a gasoline engine placed 

 somewhere outside the building will be used. Hence no special provision 

 has been made in any of the plans for an engine placed inside the walls. 



Two-KiLN Evaporator. 



Figures I. to IV. shoAV plans of a two-kiln evaporator with 18 x 20- 

 foot kilns, having an average daily capacity of 175 bushels fresh fruit or 

 a seasonal capacity for a 60-day evaporating season of approximately 

 10,000 bushels if no pe^ls and cores are dried. Since this amount of 

 apples, at least, will be avaiLable in ordinary seasons in any locality 

 where the construction of a commercial eva]iorator is being seriously 

 considered, plans for smaller plants are not included here. Those desir- 

 ing suggestions as tx) tho building of a one-kiln i)lant will find plans and 

 suggestions for their construction in Fanncra' Bulletins 213 and 291 * 



Issued by the State College of Washington AgricuItiu-.-il Experiment Station. 



