10 Oc 



1917.J 



Ei'ciporatioii of Apple 



yM> 



driviiifi: into the shaft. While such ventilators arc said to work woll, the 

 fact that they cannot be opened and closed with varying atmospheric 

 conditions make them less efficient than a second type, in which the side 

 walls of the ventilator are made in sections exactly like the ordinary 

 window shutter, the boards of whicli the shutters are built being 3 or 4 

 inches wide. By means of ropes attached to the shutters, and passing 

 over pulleys, the individual shutter can be opened or closed at will. 

 Such an arramgemcnt permits perfect control of the draught, without 

 which it is impossible to secure uniform results. 



Model ForK-Kii..\ Imai'ukatoi;. 



Figures V. to X. give plans for an evaporator having fjjur 20 x 20 

 foot kilns with an approximate capacity of 400 bushels of apples per 

 day. Many features of the construction and equipment are essentially 

 identical with those of the two-kiln plant just described, and will be 

 clear without further explanation. 



In a plant of this or larger size it would be a fundamental and well 

 nigh ruinous mistake to install anything else than a complete outfit of 



Fig. V. — Side elevation, four-kiln evaporator. Note particularly the venti- 

 lating openings in the wall, which permit free entrance of air beneath the floor 

 of the work-room to the air inlets in the walls of the kilns. 



power machinery. With power-driven parers, five girls or women will 

 prepare at least as muoh fruit as six women using hand peelers, without 

 the fatigue, and consequent careless and imperfect ivork which occurs 

 when machines are run by hand. With conveyor, bleacher, and slicer 

 driven by ponver, one man can look after the furnaces and keep the 

 peelers' table supplied with apples and clear of refuse, while a second 

 man can take care of the fruit at the slicer and on the kilns. Were the 

 fruit to be moved and sliced by 'hand, two additional men, or a man and 

 a strong boy would be needed. Consequently, complete power equipment 

 easily saves the wages of two or three hands in a plant of this size, and 

 will pay for itself in three or four seasons. 



In the plan here given, the apples arc delivered from the waggons 

 to the storage bin, which is 12 x 15 feet in size. If it is desired to keep 

 varieties separate, which is highly advisable, this bin may be divided 

 into two or more compartments, in which case both the outer receiving 

 door and the door to the discharging chute would be built in sections 



