612 Journal of Agriculture. Victoria. 1 10 Oct., 191T. 



shape of lead arsenate spray, if tlie worms be small, or baits if tbey be 

 large ; a good formula for the latter is as follows : — Bran, 10 lbs. ; 

 m.olasses, 4 lbs. ; Paris Greeu, 4 ozs.* Careful attention to these pests 

 cannot be too forcibly urged. Neglect of the usual precautions is, in 

 fact, a fruitful cause of failure in the establishment of a young grafted 

 vineyard. 



The tie will also often require attention, especially if binder twine 

 or other stout string has been used. If too stout, or if the soil has 

 been too dry for it to rot, the mound must be carefully broken down, the 

 tie cut through with a sharp knife, and the mound reformed. The 

 best moment for doing this work cannot be fixed exactly; it depends on 

 the amount of growth made by the scion. What must be especially 

 avoided is too much constriction of the rajjidly expanding new stem. If 

 bound with thinner twine or railia, and moisture conditions be suitable, 

 the tie usually rots, rendering cutting unnecessary. Examination of a 

 few vines will show what course should be followed. 



As soon as they are sufficiently long the young shoots must be tied 

 to the temporary stake. They may be tied to the wire if, as is some- 

 times done, the vineyard has been trellised thus early. In either case 

 tying must be executed fairly loosely, so as not to unduly constrict 

 the young canes. If tied to wire, make a clove hitch round this with 

 the twine, take a loose loop of same round the shoot, and fix to the wire 

 again with a further clove hitch. 



Some aiithorities recommend stopping the terminal bud of eaeli cane 

 (if there are more than one) at a height of about 30 inches from the 

 gi'ound. Some of the lateral growths thus forced out may be employed 

 at the following winter pruning for forming the permanent frame-work 

 of the vine. 



It frequently happens that weather conditions are not altogether 

 favourable, in which case things do not hajipeu exactly as outlined above. 

 A very wet spring, during which the vineyard is practically flooded by 

 continual rain for a month or so after grafting, may cause more or less 

 complete failure. Without being so altogether unsuitable as this, the 

 season may be cold and the scion may be slow in making a start, the 

 poor progress made by the grafts being such as to raise doubts as to 

 their ultimate success. Even so, a good percentage of takes is often 

 obtained, but care and a good deal of extra work will be rendered neces- 

 sary, more particularly in connexion with 



The Removal of Stckers. 



Needless to say, any growth taking place in the shape of suckers is 

 at the expense of the scion. Grafts which knit rapidly, and commence 

 growth early, usually throw few suckei's. It is those which remain 

 dormant for some time which give most trouble. Some stocks are also 

 much more liable to suckeriug than others — Rupestris du Lot, for ex- 

 ample. Suckers must be removed with great care as the knitting tissues 

 are still tender, and the scions easily disturbed, with fatal results. 



• See Journal of the nepartment of Aariculture for July, 1911. A reprint of the article on 

 cut-worms is obtainable on application to the Department. 



