82 



FOREIGN BIRDS FOR CAGE AND AVIARY. 



1891 Miss Hagenbeck imported several. In the list 

 of animals exhibited at the London Gardens (nintli 

 edition) there is a record of specimens received in 1884, 

 1869, 1890, and 1895 ; apparently these were not the 

 Brst 'examples which they exhibited ; of late years al.so 

 it has been one of the Tanagers usually present at bird- 

 shows ; so that it would seem not to be excessively 

 rare in the London market. 



Festive Tanager (Callisle f estiva). 



Male above bright p^ss-green ; crovpn blue ; fore- 

 head and upper back black ; sides of head and broad 

 collar on back and sides of neck scarlet ; wings and tail 

 black, edged with bright green; tips of lesser wing- 

 coverts cro.ssed by an oiange bar ; below bright grass- 

 green, chin black ; throat blue ; under surface of wings 

 and tail ashy, under wing-coverts white. Female simi- 

 lar, but duller ; upper back varied with green ; bill 

 black; feet brown (black according to Burmeister) ; 



Yellow Tanageii. 



irides brown. Habitat, S.E. Brazil : provinces of Per- 

 nambuco, Bahia, Rin, and S. Paulo. (Sclater.) 



According to Burmeister this bird "loves the 

 mountain forests of the higher situated regions." 



W. A. Forbes says (Tht Ibis, 1881, p. 332) : " I only 

 saw this beautiful 'Callisle once, when I fell in with a 

 small party of it in a patch of virgin forest near 

 Qui])ap;i, aiul succeeded in shooting a line male. Eyes 

 brown." 



Dr. Russ says that this Tanager has only once been 

 brought alive to Eurojw, a specimen having reached 

 the London Zoologic^il Gardens in 1875; but in 1904 

 Mr. Astley jiurchased a specimen in Genoa, and it is 

 probable that others have been imported. 



Si'OTTKD Emerald T.\n.4Ger [Callixlc 'jultitlu). 

 Male al)ove bright green; feathers of head, upper 

 back, and wing-toverts black bordered with green : 

 forehead and feathers encircling eye golden yellow ; 

 lores black ; below white ; sides of throat and breast 

 marked with oval black spots; flanks tinted with 

 green ; under tail-coverts yellowish ; bill blackish, the 

 lower mandible leaden ; feet dark brown. Femjile 

 similar, but smaller and less distinctly marked. 

 Habitat, Briti.sh Guiana, Venezuela, Trinidad, Northern 



Cblombia, and Isthmus of Panama north to Costa Bica. 



(Sclater.) 



This Tanager occurs on Boraima up to from 3,500 

 to 4,000 feet, according to the late Henry Whitely 

 (The Ibis. 1875, p. 209). 



1 have discovered no facts about its wild life. 



Captain Pam brought home two specimens of this 

 charming Tanager from Venezuela in 1905, and pre- 

 sent-ed them to the London Zoological Society for ex- 

 hibition in their Gardens. 



Yellow. T.\NA(iER (Callisle Aava}. 



Above cadmium yellow ; wings and tail black edged 

 with blui.sh ; below deeper yellow, the lores, sides of 

 head, chin, throat, breast, and middle of abdomen 

 black ; under wing-coverts blackish ; bill and feet 

 blackish (brownish-grey according to Russ) ; irides 

 brown. Female greenish yellow ; wdngs and tail black, 

 edged with greenish ; Ijelow paler, middle of throat 

 and abdomen whitish ; sides of 

 throat and breast slightly marked 

 with dusky ; flanks and under tail- 

 coverts ochraceous ; according to 

 Burmeister the forehead and 

 crown are rust yellowish and the 

 remaining upper surface ash-grey. 

 greenish on the back ; the chin 

 and throat whitish, the abdomen 

 and vent rust yellowish : bill and 

 feet paler than in the male. 

 Habitat, S.E. Brazil, from Per- 

 nambuco to Rio Grande do Sul. 

 (Sclater.) 



W. A. Forbes (T/ie 'Ibis. 1881, 

 p. 332) says : " This beautiful, 

 though peculiarly coloured, bird is, 

 perhaps with the exception of 

 Tiiufirjrii cana, the commonest 

 Tanager in the provinces 1 visited. 

 I met with it everywhere, from 

 Recife to Garanhuns ; and though 

 never seen in numbers, it appeared 

 to be fairly abundant. It fre- 

 quents chiefly gardens or planta- 

 tions of fruit-trees, but I have 

 also seen it in thick forest country. 

 It was abundant in the garden at 

 Estancia, frequenting the orange-t'-ees, sapotis (Achras 

 sapota), and other fruit-bearing plants; and 1 have also 

 met with it feeding on the flowering shrubs of the virgin 

 forest. It goes about either singly or in small com- 

 panies, and most of the specimens seen are either im- 

 mature or females. The adult males are usually met 

 with singly, though I have seen three perched close 

 together in the same tree. I failed in my endeavours to 

 bring living specimens to England, though I got one 

 as far as St. Vincent. Eyes brown; feet lead-grey." 



Dr. Russ says of this species : " In the year 1874 

 I received two males and a female from G. Lintz, of 

 Hamburg, and shortly after the opening of the Berlin 

 Aquarium (1869) two males amved there, moreover 

 Mr. Linden pissessed it. Some time later, in the 

 year 1893, the wholesale dealer, G. Bosz, forwarded to 

 me two Y'ellow Tunagers, jialpably an adult and a 

 young male ; in the same year Miss Chr. Hagenbeck 

 wrote to me : ' Tlie bird is not altogether so rare as 

 you think. I have received it from time t/i time, 

 most recently in August, 1891 ; you will remember that 

 at that time I sent some "little Priests"" and Car- 

 dinals for your inspection. Together with these came 



* Th« German name for the speoi«5 of ,Spermophila. 



