THE DEER TRIBE 263 



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in the wild state, being apparently only known in China in the Imperial Park at Pekin. This 

 deer approaches in size the red deer of Europe. The general colouring is greyish brown, 

 white about the eyes, ears. rump, and under-parts; the horns, which lack the brow-tine, are 

 \er\ singular in shape, and measure as much as ,}_■ inches in length : the tail is long, reaching 

 to the hocks; the gait is "lolloping" and mule like. This is a marsh-loving species, and at a 

 certain park, where specimens are kept, "they may be seen wading far into the lakes and even 

 swimming in the deeper water." 



In South America art' to be found several kinds of marsh-deer, of which the best 'known is 

 the handsome Marsh-deer, having its range from Brazil to the forest country of the Argentine 

 Republic. Little is known of this and other South American deer of similar species. The 

 marsh-deer is almost equal in size to the red deer of Scotland, but somewhat less stout of 

 build; the colouring is bright chestnut in summer, brown in winter; the coat is long and 

 coarse, as befits a swamp-loving creature; the antlers usually display ten points, and measure 

 in line specimens as much as 23 or 24 inches. 



The Pampas-deer, a species closely allied to the marsh-deer, is of small size, standing 

 about 2 feet 6 inches at the shoulder. The antlers, usually three-pointed, measure no more 

 than from 12 to 14 inches in fine specimens. This deer is found from Brazil to Northern 

 Patagonia. 



The Peruvian and Chilian Guemals are small deer, found on the high Andes, and are 

 somewhat inferior in size to the Virginian deer. The males carry simple antlers forming a 

 single fork, and measuring about 9 inches. The coat, yellowish brown in hue, is coarse, thick, 

 and brittle. The Chilian guemal is found also in most parts of Patagonia : unlike its congener 

 of Peru, which delights in altitudes of from 14,000 to 16,000 feet, its habitat lies chiefly in deep 

 valleys, thick forest, and even the adjacent plains, to which it resorts in winter. 



The Brockets, of which seven species are found in South and Central America and Trini- 

 dad, are small deer, having spike-like antlers and tufted crowns. The largest is the Red 

 Brocket, found in Guiana, Brazil, and Paraguay, which stands 27 inches at the shoulder. 

 The body-colouring is brownish red. Like most of the group, this brocket is extremelv shy; 

 although fond of dense covert, it is found also on open campos. The Pygmy Brocket, a 

 tiny dark brown deer, less than 19 inches in height, found in Central Brazil, is the smallest 

 of these very small deer. 



Two other diminutive deer, known as Pudus, closely allied to the brockets, are found in 

 South America. These are the Chilian and Ecuador Pudus, of which the former is no more 

 than \7,y 2 inches in height, the latter about 14 or 15 inches. Little is known of the history 

 and life habits of these charming little creatures, one of which, the Chilian species, has occa- 

 sionally been seen in Zoological Gardens. 



The Musk-deer. 



This brief account of the deer of the world closes with the Musk-deer, which differ from 

 almost all others of their kind — the Chinese water-deer being the sole exception — in the 

 absence of antlers. In place of these defensive and offensive weapons, nature has provided the 

 musk-deer with long canine tusks, projecting downwards from the upper jaw. The musk, from 

 which these curious deer take their name, is secreted during the rutting-season- — in the male 

 only — in a pouch or gland contained in the skin of the stomach. 



The well-known Himalayan Musk-deer, is a stout, heavily made deer for its size, meas- 

 uring 20 inches at the shoulder, about 2 inches higher at the rump, and having a coat of coarse, 

 brittle hair of a dark brown colour. This musk-deer, which is nowadays by no means common, 

 is found in the forests of the Himalaya, Tibet, Siberia, and Western China, often at altitudes 

 of about 8,000 feet. These animals are extraordinary mountaineers, active, daring, and 

 apparently quite unconscious of or indifferent to danger. 



